Novel Magnetic Cross-Linked Cellulase Aggregates with a Potential Application in Lignocellulosic Biomass Bioconversion

Jia, Junqi; Zhang, Weiwei; Yang, Zeng‐Jie; Yang, Xiaojun; Wang, Na; Yu, Xiao‐Qi

doi:10.3390/molecules22020269

Cited by 93 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Similarly, mCLEAs of glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger exhibited 93% activity recovery combined with enhanced thermal and storage stability and reusability. 95 Immobilization of the cellulase enzyme cocktail on prefabricated magnetic carriers 96−99 or as magnetic CLEAs 100,101 has been extensively investigated. However, activities were generally measured in the hydrolysis of the water-soluble carboxymethylcellulose as a model for the complex mixture derived from lignocellulose.…”

Section: Acs Sustainable Chemistry and Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Road to Biorenewables: Carbohydrates to Commodity Chemicals

Sheldon

2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

141

106

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The pressing need for climate change mitigation has focused attention on reducing global emissions of carbon dioxide by effectuating the transition from fossil-based chemicals manufacture to a carbon neutral alternative based on lignocellulosic waste. The first step involves fractionation of the lignocellulose into cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Subsequently, a cellulase enzyme cocktail is used to catalyze the hydrolysis of the polysaccharides into their constituent sugars. This is followed by selective conversion of the carbohydrates into commodity chemicals using a variety of sustainable bio-and chemocatalytic methodologies. These include, inter alia, fermentative production of alcohols, diols, and carboxylic acids and a variety of chemocatalytic reductions and oxidations. Hence, the transition from fossil feedstocks to lignocellulose represents a switch from hydrocarbons to carbohydrates as the primary basic chemicals. To compare these renewable biomass-based routes with their petrochemical equivalents, it is necessary to develop reliable sustainability metrics.

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Section: Acs Sustainable Chemistry and Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Road to Biorenewables: Carbohydrates to Commodity Chemicals

Sheldon

2018

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

141

106

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“…Probably the most exciting and challenging development is the application of the m-CLEA technology to the complex chemistry of lignocellulose hydrolysis in connection with the production of second-generation biofuels and commodity chemicals from waste biomass [176,177]. Various groups have reported [178][179][180] the preparation of m-CLEAs with improved stability from a cellulase cocktail. However, its activity was measured only in the hydrolysis of the water soluble carboxymethyl cellulose.…”

Section: Applications Of M-cleas and M-combi-cleasmentioning

confidence: 99%

CLEAs, Combi-CLEAs and ‘Smart’ Magnetic CLEAs: Biocatalysis in a Bio-Based Economy

2019

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Biocatalysis has emerged in the last decade as a pre-eminent technology for enabling the envisaged transition to a more sustainable bio-based economy. For industrial viability it is essential that enzymes can be readily recovered and recycled by immobilization as solid, recyclable catalysts. One method to achieve this is via carrier-free immobilization as cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). This methodology proved to be very effective with a broad selection of enzymes, in particular carbohydrate-converting enzymes. Methods for optimizing CLEA preparations by, for example, adding proteic feeders to promote cross-linking, and strategies for making the pores accessible for macromolecular substrates are critically reviewed and compared. Co-immobilization of two or more enzymes in combi-CLEAs enables the cost-effective use of multiple enzymes in biocatalytic cascade processes and the use of "smart" magnetic CLEAs to separate the immobilized enzyme from other solids has raised the CLEA technology to a new level of industrial and environmental relevance. Magnetic-CLEAs of polysaccharide-converting enzymes, for example, are eminently suitable for use in the conversion of first and second generation biomass.Catalysts 2019, 9, 261 2 of 31 and deprotection steps. This affords synthetic routes that, compared with conventional organic syntheses, are more step economic, more energy efficient, generate less waste and provide products in exquisite stereochemical purities that are difficult to compete with.Consequently, in the last two decades biocatalysis has emerged as an important technology for meeting the growing demand for green and sustainable processing [2][3][4]. This embraces the whole gamut of chemicals manufacture, from the enantioselective synthesis of chiral drugs [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] to the conversion of renewable biomass to liquid fuels and commodity chemicals [13][14][15]. This raises the perennial question: if biocatalysis is so superior why has it not been extensively used in the past? The answer is simple: thanks to advances in molecular biology and biotechnology, biocatalysis has undergone a spectacular leap forward in the last two decades:-Many more enzymes have been identified through (meta)genome mining, that is the in silico analysis of publicly accessible genome sequence data bases that have been generated as a result of next generation genome sequencing [16]. -Advances in gene synthesis have enabled the synthesis of identified genes, ready for cloning into a host production organism, in a few weeks at relatively low cost. This has significantly reduced the cost of development and subsequent production of enzymes at industrial scale. -Advances in protein engineering, using directed evolution techniques [17,18], have enabled optimization of enzyme performance under the challenging conditions encountered in industrial-scale processes, namely, high (stereo)selectivities, activities and space-time yields with non-natural substrates at high substrate concentrations, in the presence of organic solve...

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“…Jia et al established and applied novel MNP cross-linked cellulase aggregates ( Figure 2) in order to improve enzyme reusability and stability for biomass bioconversion. The immobilized cellulase further represented suitable activity and stability following reusability in biomass applications [54]. Reproduced from Reference [54].…”

Section: Cellulase Immobilization On Silica-functionalized Mnpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The immobilized cellulase further represented suitable activity and stability following reusability in biomass applications [54]. Reproduced from Reference [54].…”

Section: Cellulase Immobilization On Silica-functionalized Mnpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances of Cellulase Immobilization onto Magnetic Nanoparticles: An Update Review

et al. 2019

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Cellulosic enzymes, including cellulase, play an important role in biotechnological processes in the fields of food, cosmetics, detergents, pulp, paper, and related industries. Low thermal and storage stability of cellulase, presence of impurities, enzyme leakage, and reusability pose great challenges in all these processes. These challenges can be overcome via enzyme immobilization methods. In recent years, cellulase immobilization onto nanomaterials became the focus of research attention owing to the surface features of these materials. However, the application of these nanomaterials is limited due to the efficacy of their recovery process. The application of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) was suggested as a solution to this problem since they can be easily removed from the reaction mixture by applying an external magnet. Recently, MNPs were extensively employed for enzyme immobilization owing to their low toxicity and various practical advantages. In the present review, recent advances in cellulase immobilization onto functionalized MNPs is summarized. Finally, we discuss enhanced enzyme reusability, activity, and stability, as well as improved enzyme recovery. Enzyme immobilization techniques offer promising potential for industrial applications.

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Novel Magnetic Cross-Linked Cellulase Aggregates with a Potential Application in Lignocellulosic Biomass Bioconversion

Cited by 93 publications

References 59 publications

The Road to Biorenewables: Carbohydrates to Commodity Chemicals

The Road to Biorenewables: Carbohydrates to Commodity Chemicals

CLEAs, Combi-CLEAs and ‘Smart’ Magnetic CLEAs: Biocatalysis in a Bio-Based Economy

Recent Advances of Cellulase Immobilization onto Magnetic Nanoparticles: An Update Review

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