Novel network polymers based on calixresorcinarenes

Altshuler, Henrikh; Ostapova, E. V.; Fedyaeva, O. N.; Sapozhnikova, L. A.; Altshuler, O. G.

doi:10.1002/1521-3900(200205)181:1<1::aid-masy1>3.0.co;2-u

Cited by 33 publications

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“…Ultradispersed metals (Pd, Cu, and Ni) were prepared in pores of KU-2-12P and KU-23 sulfonic cation exchangers, AV-17 anion exchanger, and cross-linked polymer with immobilized cis-tetraphenylcalix [4]resorcinolarene groups. The Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , and [Pd(NH 3 ) 4 ] 2+ cations were introduced in the sulfonic cation exchanger by the ion-exchange procedure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reactions occurring in a microreactor based on cis-calix [4] Three-dimensional cross-linked polymer (1) with grafted calixarene was prepared by polycondensation of cis -2,8,14,20-tetraphenyl-4,6,10,12,16,18,22,24-octahydroxycalix[4]arene with formaldehyde [4]. Metal ions were introduced in the polymer by sorption of Ni 2+ and Pd 2+ ammine complexes from aqueous solutions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentration of metal complexes in the solutions was chosen so as to provide the metal3 polymer molar ratio of no more than 1. The structure of the [Pd(NH 3 ) 4 ] 2+ complex with cis-tetraphenylcalix [4]resorcinolarene, optimized by the MM2 method, is shown in Fig. 2. Polymer (3) containing ultradispersed palladium is formed by hydrogenation of metal-containing polymer (2) at 298 K and 1 atm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously [4] we prepared new cross-linked polymers with grafted cis-calix [4]resorcinolarene derivatives capable of forming intercalation compounds [5], i.e., having properties of a microreactor.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of this work was to prepare ultradispersed transition metals in cross-linked polymers (polyelectrolytes), to study their catalytic activity in hydrogenation of organic nitro compounds, and to use cis-calix- [4]resorcinolarenes immobilized in the polymeric matrix as microreactors for reduction and hydrogenation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Preparation of ultradispersed transition metals in immobilized microreactors

Al'tshuler

Sapozhnikova

2004

Russ J Appl Chem

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Preparation of ultradispersed transition metals (20 !100 nm) by reduction of metal complexes in molecular microreactors (cavities of immobilized calixarenes, polyelectrolytes) was studied.Preparation and study of untradispersed metals and preparation of functional materials on their base are urgent problems of modern science [1]. It is known [2] that cross-linked polymers (polyelectrolytes) can be used as matrices for preparing ultradispersed metals. Cavities, complexes, and intercalated compounds contained in cross-linked polymers are immobilized microreactors providing certain spatial organization of molecules [3]. A study of processes occurring in immobilized microrecators gives insight into highly organized chemical transformations in supramolecular systems.Previously [4] we prepared new cross-linked polymers with grafted cis-calix[4]resorcinolarene derivatives capable of forming intercalation compounds [5], i.e., having properties of a microreactor.The aim of this work was to prepare ultradispersed transition metals in cross-linked polymers (polyelectrolytes), to study their catalytic activity in hydrogenation of organic nitro compounds, and to use cis-calix-[4]resorcinolarenes immobilized in the polymeric matrix as microreactors for reduction and hydrogenation. EXPERIMENTALUltradispersed metals (Pd, Cu, and Ni) were prepared in pores of KU-2-12P and KU-23 sulfonic cation exchangers, AV-17 anion exchanger, and cross-linked polymer with immobilized cis-tetraphenylcalix [4]resorcinolarene groups. The Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , and [Pd(NH 3 ) 4 ] 2+ cations were introduced in the sulfonic cation exchanger by the ion-exchange procedure. Reduction of palladium(II) tetraammine complex in the matrix yields 20 3100-nm palladium particles. The X-ray pattern of KU-23 macroporous sulfonic cation exchanger containing palladium crystals is shown in Fig. 1.The X-ray patterns were recorded on a DRON-2 diffractometer (copper radiation, voltage on the X-ray tube 30 kV, current 20 mA, scan rate 2 deg min 31 ).The X-ray pattern contain reflections of crystalline palladium and a broad reflection of the amorphous polymer at 20o. The palladium content in the samples determined from the reflection intensity varies by an order of magnitude. The palladium dispersity calculated from the width of the reflection at 36o is 30 3 50 nm.Pomogailo [2] showed that transition metal nanoparticles are formed by reduction of their cations in an ion-exchange matrix. When the dynamic ion-exchange capacity is completely saturated with transition metal amine complexes, the reduced metal particles form the metallic phase owing to short effective distance between the particles [2]. The catalytic activity of these materials is low. For the ultradisperse phase to be formed, palladium cations should occupy less than 0.23 0.3 of the total exchange capacity of KU-23 sulfonic resin. The catalytic activity at the palladium 2G, deg Fig. 1 .X-ray pattern of KU-23 30/100 macroporous sulfonic cation exchanger containing (1) 5.1 and (2) 34 g md !3 palladium(II). (2q) Bragg ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation of ultradispersed transition metals in immobilized microreactors

Al'tshuler

Sapozhnikova

2004

Russ J Appl Chem

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Design and synthesis of a magnetic hierarchical porous organic polymer: A new platform in heterogeneous phase‐transfer catalysis

Mouradzadegun

Ganjali

Mostafavi

2018

Applied Organom Chemis

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Recyclable phase transfer catalysts containing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been known as a major trend towards sustainable catalysts. In this study, a novel class of magnetic porous polymer on the basis of calix[4]resorcinarene was synthesized starting from silica-coated Fe 3 O 4 core-shell nanoparticles. This compound was found as an efficient phase transfer catalyst to the conversion of benzyl halides into benzyl azides and cyanides in good yields. The catalyst could be used at least for five consecutive cycles without appreciable loss in the catalytic activity.

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Design and synthesis of a new porous organic polymer equipped with N‐propyl sulfamic acid functionalities: As an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 1,8‐dioxo‐octahydroxanthene derivatives

Mouradzadegun

Mostafavi

2017

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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The manuscript reports the synthesis of a polymeric calix[4]resorcinarene catalyst incorporated with N‐propyl sulfamic acid and the catalytic synthesis of 1,8‐dioxo‐octahydroxanthenes by this polymeric catalyst. Highly cross‐linked porous organic polymers as a class of amorphous and nano‐scale porous polymeric networks have been playing a key role in the development of organic synthesis and catalytic systems. The catalyst synthetic steps include (1) the synthesis of calix[4]resorcinarene, (2) polymerization with formaldehyde, (3) modification with 3‐(triethoxysilyl)propylamine (APTES), and finally (4) modification in the presence of chlorosulfonic acid to produce an efficient heterogeneous acidic catalyst for being applied in the condensation reaction of dimedone with divergent aryl aldehydes for synthesizing a series of 1,8‐dioxo‐octahydroxanthenes. This newly synthesized catalyst was characterized by some spectroscopic methods such as Fourier‐Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), elemental analysis (CHNS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), gas adsorption/desorption Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) methodology, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and its recyclability was successfully proved. Solvent‐free conditions, easy reaction handling and work up, mild acidic conditions, green and affordable methodology, gaining high yields of products in short reaction times, and also the catalyst reusability, are the most important advantages of the present method. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 58:1362–1370, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Novel network polymers based on calixresorcinarenes

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Preparation of ultradispersed transition metals in immobilized microreactors

Preparation of ultradispersed transition metals in immobilized microreactors

Design and synthesis of a magnetic hierarchical porous organic polymer: A new platform in heterogeneous phase‐transfer catalysis

Design and synthesis of a new porous organic polymer equipped with N‐propyl sulfamic acid functionalities: As an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 1,8‐dioxo‐octahydroxanthene derivatives

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