Novel Polyepoxysuccinic Acid-Grafted Polyacrylamide as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Acidic Solution

Abstract

Utilizing green corrosion inhibitors has been classified among the most efficient and economical mitigation practices against metallic degradation and failure. This study aims to integrate the features of green and complementary properties of polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) and polyacrylamide (PAM) for steel corrosion inhibition. A novel PESA-grafted-PAM (PESA-PAM) has been first-ever synthesized in this research study and deployed as a corrosion inhibitor for C-steel in 1.0 M HCl solution. Eco-toxicity prediction confirmed the environmentally friendly properties acquired by the synthesized inhibitor. Electrochemical, kinetics, and surface microscopic studies were carried out to gain a holistic view of C-steel corrosion behavior with the PESAPAM. Furthermore, the performance of PESAPAM was compared with that of the pure PESA under the same testing conditions. Results revealed predominant inhibitive properties of PESAPAM with an inhibition efficiency (IE) reaching 90% at 500 mg•L −1 at 25 °C. Grafting PAM onto the PESA chain showed an overall performance improvement of 109% from IE% of 43 to 90%. Electrochemical measurements revealed a charge transfer-controlled corrosion mechanism and the formation of a thick double layer on the steel surface. The potentiodynamic study classified PESAPAM as a mixed-type inhibitor. Furthermore, the investigation of C-steel corrosion kinetics with the presence of PESAPAM predicted an activation energy of 85 kJ•mol −1 , correlated with a physical adsorption behavior. Finally, performed scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analyses confirmed the adsorption of PESA and PESAPAM, with superior coverage of PESAPAM onto the steel surface.

Biodegradable polysaccharide grafted polyacrylamide inhibitor for corrosion in CO2- saturated saline solution

“…The outstanding performance of AGGPAM could be attributed to the grafting effect of PAM into the agar chain, providing more adsorption sites. Notwithstanding, the nature of PAM polymer –with many repeating units-is another fundamental reason for a superior spreading over the C-steel surface, thus improving the inhibitive effect [ 32 ]. Overall, those investigated polysaccharides of CMC and chitosan achieved only 39 and 45% efficiency, proving the impact of PAM grafting.…”

“…Subsequently, PAM was integrated with inhibitory chemical chains through graft polymerization reactions to provide formulations with boosted inhibitive characteristics. Graft polymerization with PAM was previously investigated in another corrosion inhibition system, including polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) inhibitor [ 32 ]. Experimental studies have disclosed the influence of PAM addition on improving efficiency from 43% to 90% at 500 mg L −1 concentration.…”

Evaluation of Novel Preformed Particle Gel System for Conformance Control in Mature Oil Reservoirs

“…These materials, harnessed through three primary pathways known as the "grafting through" process, "grafting onto" process, and "grafting from" process, have demonstrated versatility in diverse applications. Their utility extends across various applications [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46].…”

Development of Agar-Based Preformed Particle Gel for Water Control in High-Salinity Reservoirs

“…However, the utilization of polysaccharides is often limited by their inherent properties compared with synthetic polymers. To address this limitation, chemical modifications enhance traits such as resistance to heat, mechanical strength, water or oil repellency, and antibacterial activity. − One effective method for imparting new properties to these natural polymers is through grafting synthetic polymer chains onto their backbones. − The resulting materials find applications in diverse fields such as agriculture, water treatment, − biology, medicine, , and various other sectors. − …”