Novel Sparse-Coded Ambient Backscatter Communication for Massive IoT Connectivity

Kim, Tae Yeong; Kim, Dong In

doi:10.3390/en11071780

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…On the other hand, supporting numerous small data packets from many tags simultaneously is a challenge. Thus, tag multiple access schemes include sparse code multiple access (SCMA), a code domain approaches for non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) [265], coded-backscatter multiple access (CBMA) [266], Buzz multiple access [267], µ code [174], and distributed chirp spread spectrum coding [264]. If the reader can decode in parallel [268], then multiple tags can transmit simultaneously.…”

Section: ) Mac Layer and Multiple Access Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Link Budget Analysis for Backscatter-Based Passive IoT

et al. 2022

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Massive connectivity of billions of communicating devices for fifth-generation (5G) and beyond networks requires the deployment of self-sustaining, maintenance-free, and low-cost communication paradigms. Could passive Internet of Things (IoT) solve these challenges? Passive IoT can be realized with the backscatter communication (BackCom) paradigm, which uses ultra-low power, inexpensive passive tags to support massive connectivity. However, a comprehensive link budget analysis for BackCom networks has not yet been available. It is something that is necessary for practitioners and researchers to evaluate the potential of BackCom. This survey is organized as follows. First, we describe the BackCom configurations, passive IoT design targets, backscatter channel statistics, and the different components and operations of the backscatter tag. Second, we develop the forward link budget and the overall link budget. All the relevant parameters are described in detail. Third, we give numerical and simulation results to get insights on the achievable performance of BackCom networks. Since additive path losses and excess fading can limit the performance of BackCom networks, we examine potential solutions to overcome the resulting limitations, enabling massive IoT networks. We also discuss integrating BackCom with existing wireless technologies. We further highlight some applications and address open issues, challenges, and future research directions.

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Section: ) Mac Layer and Multiple Access Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Link Budget Analysis for Backscatter-Based Passive IoT

et al. 2022

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“…Due to the fact that the TDMA technique does not support concurrent transmissions by BDs, leading to a reduction in both EE and SE in the network, the authors in [26]- [30] proposed a technique for enabling concurrent transmission by BDs in the symbiotic communication model. The article [26], [31] discusses the random distribution of SBDs in the network, which causes signals to reach the receiver at different power levels.…”

Section: A Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-BD Symbiotic Radio-Aided 6G IoT Network: Energy Consumption Optimization with QoS Constraint Approach

Yeganeh¹,

Omidi²,

Ghavami³

2022

Preprint

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<p>Symbiotic radio (SR) is a novel paradigm in cognitive ambient backscatter communication, which connects devices without the need to allocation of the frequency spectrum and complex energy infrastructure. Green communication can be realized in 6G networks using symbiotic radio concept. In this paper, we consider a base station (BS) with the active antennas, symbiotic backscatter devices (SBDs) and symbiotic user equipments (SUE). The main purpose is to minimize the energy consumption (EC) in the SR network and increase energy efficiency (EE), while providing the minimum required throughput for SBDs. To this end, a new scheduling scheme called Timing SR (T-SR) is introduced as optimal resource allocation for SBDs. In this system, SBDs harvest energy from ambient signals and then send their information without interfering with each other to the SUE by using the carrier of ambient signal. The main optimization problem has non-convex objective functions and constraints. To solve it, novel mathematical methods called conic quadratic representation (CQR) and sequential quadratic (SQ) techniques are used. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared to other outlined schemes in reducing the EC.</p>

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“…where Ȳ1 is Q × 2 matrix with the (q, j)th entry being ȳq,j for j = 1, 2, and f Ȳ1 | X 1 denotes the posteriori PDF of Ȳ1 given X 1 . Since ȳq,j at different Reader antennas and different symbol periods are independent given X 1 , we can simplify (34) as…”

Section: B Coherent Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Ambient Backscatter Communication Utilizing Coherent and Non-Coherent Space-Time Codes

Liu,

Shen,

Tsang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) leverages the existing ambient radio frequency (RF) environment to implement communication with battery-free devices. The key challenge in the development of AmBC is the very weak RF signals backscattered by the AmBC Tag. To overcome this challenge, we propose the use of space-time codes by incorporating multiple antennas at the Tag.Our approach considers both coherent and non-coherent space-time codes so that systems with and without Channel State Information can be considered. To allow the application of space-time codes, we propose an approximate linearized and normalized multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel model for the AmBC system. Such MIMO channel model is shown to be accurate for a wide range of useful operating conditions. Two coherent detectors and a non-coherent detector are also provided based on the proposed channel. Simulation results show that enhanced bit error rate performance can be achieved, demonstrating the benefit of using multiple Tag or Reader antennas to leverage the diversity gain. The results are restricted to two antennas at the Tag, to maintain compact size by using polarization diversity and maintain a multiplexing gain of unity, but the results can easily be extended to more than two antennas.

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Novel Sparse-Coded Ambient Backscatter Communication for Massive IoT Connectivity

Cited by 15 publications

References 60 publications

Link Budget Analysis for Backscatter-Based Passive IoT

Link Budget Analysis for Backscatter-Based Passive IoT

Multi-BD Symbiotic Radio-Aided 6G IoT Network: Energy Consumption Optimization with QoS Constraint Approach

Enhancing Ambient Backscatter Communication Utilizing Coherent and Non-Coherent Space-Time Codes

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