Novel strategies to target the ubiquitin proteasome system in multiple myeloma

Abstract

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the accumulation of plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). The success of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in the treatment of MM highlights the importance of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in this particular cancer. Despite the prolonged survival of MM patients, a significant amount of patients relapse or become resistant to therapy. This underlines the importance of the development and investigation of novel targets to improve MM therapy. The UPS plays an important role in different cellular processes by targeted destruction of proteins. The ubiquitination process consists of enzymes that transfer ubiquitin to proteins targeting them for proteasomal degradation. An emerging and promising approach is to target more disease specific components of the UPS to reduce side effects and overcome resistance. In this review, we will focus on different components of the UPS such as the ubiquitin activating enzyme E1, the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2, the E3 ubiquitin ligases, the deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) and the proteasome. We will discuss their role in MM and the implications in drug discovery for the treatment of MM.

Severe but reversible pulmonary hypertension in scleromyxedema and multiple myeloma: a case report

“…Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor that is FDAapproved for the treatment of multiple myeloma [117,118]. In the medical literature, patients with multiple myeloma and PH can experience reversal of PH symptoms with bortezomib treatment, although adverse pulmonary effects have also been reported in association with this drug [25, 64-71, 73, 75, 76].…”

Role of proteasome system in prognosis of breast cancer progression

“…Протеасома обладает тремя основными протеолитическими активностями: химотрипсинподобной (ХПА), трипсинподобной и каспазаподобной (КПА). В клетке протеасомы осуществляют протеолиз цитозольных, ядерных белков, превращение неактивных белков-предшественников в активные, участвуют в образовании регуляторных пептидов [14].…”

ER stress in temozolomide-treated glioblastomas interferes with DNA repair and induces apoptosis

“…Blocking of ERAD in some cancers, such as multiple myeloma, is utilized in the clinic with some success; the FDA approved bortezomib in 2003 for this purpose [39, 40]. However, the use of drugs that inhibit ERAD are limited due to off target toxic effects [41]. Exacerbating ER stress is an attractive alternative.…”