Novel Structural and Functional Motifs in cellulose synthase (CesA) Genes of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.)

Kaur, Simerjeet; Dhugga, Kanwarpal S.; Gill, Kulvinder S.; Singh, Jaswinder

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147046

Cited by 37 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Conserved domains (glycoside hydrolase family 64) among different species were obtained as described in ref. 35 using the NCBI conserved domain architecture retrieval tool and probable motifs using Motif Scan (myhits.isb-sib.ch/cgi-bin/motif_scan).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox-dependent interaction between thaumatin-like protein and β-glucan influences malting quality of barley

Singh

Tripathi

Lemaux

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Barley is the cornerstone of the malting and brewing industry. It is known that 250 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) of the grain are associated with 19 malting-quality phenotypes. However, only a few of the contributing genetic components have been identified. One of these, on chromosome 4H, contains a major malting QTL, QTL2, located near the telomeric region that accounts, respectively, for 28.9% and 37.6% of the variation in the β-glucan and extract fractions of malt. In the current study, we dissected the QTL2 region using an expressionand microsynteny-based approach. From a set of 22 expressed sequence tags expressed in seeds at the malting stage, we identified a candidate gene, TLP8 (thaumatin-like protein 8), which was differentially expressed and influenced malting quality. Transcript abundance and protein profiles of TLP8 were studied in different malt and feed varieties using quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The experiments demonstrated that TLP8 binds to insoluble (1, 3, 1, 4)-β-D glucan in grain extracts, thereby facilitating the removal of this undesirable polysaccharide during malting. Further, the binding of TLP8 to β-glucan was dependent on redox. These findings represent a stride forward in our understanding of the malting process and provide a foundation for future improvements in the final beermaking process.Hordeum vulgare | malting | β-glucan | quantitative trait loci | thaumatin-like protein

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox-dependent interaction between thaumatin-like protein and β-glucan influences malting quality of barley

Singh

Tripathi

Lemaux

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Thus, the functions of the CESA proteins include their biosynthetic output, as well as their interactions with their required partners. Phylogenetic and expression analyses support conservation of these distinct functional classes within six CESA clades shared by angiosperms (Holland et al ; Samuga and Joshi ; Tanaka et al ; Burton et al ; Djerbi et al ; Djerbi et al ; Ranik and Myburg ; Suzuki et al ; Kumar et al ; Burton et al ; Song et al ; Carroll and Specht ; Handakumbura et al ; Zhang et al ; Kaur et al ; Kumar et al ), conifers (Nairn and Haselkorn ; Yin et al ), and ferns (Yin et al ), but not lycophytes (Harholt et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cellulose synthase ‘class specific regions’ are intrinsically disordered and functionally undifferentiated

Scavuzzo-Duggan

Chaves

Singh

et al. 2018

JIPB

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Cellulose synthases (CESAs) are glycosyltransferases that catalyze formation of cellulose microfibrils in plant cell walls. Seed plant CESA isoforms cluster in six phylogenetic clades, whose non-interchangeable members play distinct roles within cellulose synthesis complexes (CSCs). A 'class specific region' (CSR), with higher sequence similarity within versus between functional CESA classes, has been suggested to contribute to specific activities or interactions of different isoforms. We investigated CESA isoform specificity in the moss, Physcomitrella patens (Hedw.) B. S. G. to gain evolutionary insights into CESA structure/function relationships. Like seed plants, P. patens has oligomeric rosette-type CSCs, but the PpCESAs diverged independently and form a separate CESA clade. We showed that P. patens has two functionally distinct CESAs classes, based on the ability to complement the gametophore-negative phenotype of a ppcesa5 knockout line. Thus, non-interchangeable CESA classes evolved separately in mosses and seed plants. However, testing of chimeric moss CESA genes for complementation demonstrated that functional class-specificity is not determined by the CSR. Sequence analysis and computational modeling showed that the CSR is intrinsically disordered and contains predicted molecular recognition features, consistent with a possible role in CESA oligomerization and explaining the evolution of class-specific sequences without selection for class-specific function.

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“…In the process of cellulose synthesis, sucrose is the starting substrate, and UDPG produced by its decomposition can directly synthesize the dextran chain under the action of CesA gene [46]. 27 CesA genes were identi ed in elephant grass, which were more abundant than other species such as wheat (14 species) [4], Arabidopsis thaliana (10 species) [3], maize (10 species) [5], poplar (16 species) [8]. CesAs were mainly expressed in tender stem tissue (Fig.6a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue-Specific Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Lignocellulose Synthesis Regulation in Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.)

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The characteristics of elephant grass, especially its stem lignocellulose, are of great significance for its quality as feed or other industrial raw materials. However, the research on lignocellulose biosynthesis pathway and key genes is limited because the genome of elephant grass has not been deciphered.Results: In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) combined with lignocellulose content analysis and cell wall morphology observation using elephant grass stems from different development stages as materials were applied to reveal the genes that regulate the synthesis of cellulose and lignin. A total of 3852 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in three periods of T1, T2, and T3 through RNA-seq analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of all DEGs showed that the two most abundant metabolic pathways were phenylpropane metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, which were closely related to cell wall development, hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose synthesis. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of DEGs, a ‘blue’ module highly associated with cellulose synthesis and a ‘turquoise’ module highly correlated with lignin synthesis were exhibited. A total of 43 candidate genes were screened, of which 17 had function annotations in other species. Besides, by analyzing the content of lignocellulose in the stem tissues of elephant grass at different developmental stages and the expression levels of genes such as CesA, PAL, CAD, C4H, COMT, CCoAMT, F5H and CCR, it was found that the content of lignocellulose was related to the expression level of these structural genes.Conclusions: This study provides a basis for further understanding the molecular mechanisms of cellulose and lignin synthesis pathways of elephant grass, and offers a unique and extensive list of candidate genes for future specialized functional studies which may promote the development of high-quality elephant grass varieties with high cellulose and low lignin content.

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Novel Structural and Functional Motifs in cellulose synthase (CesA) Genes of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum, L.)

Cited by 37 publications

References 52 publications

Redox-dependent interaction between thaumatin-like protein and β-glucan influences malting quality of barley

Redox-dependent interaction between thaumatin-like protein and β-glucan influences malting quality of barley

Cellulose synthase ‘class specific regions’ are intrinsically disordered and functionally undifferentiated

Tissue-Specific Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Lignocellulose Synthesis Regulation in Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.)

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