Novel Test Method (Sickle Confirm) to Differentiate Sickle Cell Anemia from Sickle Cell Trait for Potential Use in Developing Countries

Randolph, Tim; Wheelhouse, Jenna

doi:10.29074/ascls.25.1.26

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Other affordable and reliable screening methods to minimize "false reports" in resource-limited countries include the use of insoluble hemoglobin add-on (modified HST) [15,16]. This was noted to be the most accurate when compared with DNA genotyping results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discordance between self-reported premarital and post-marital parental sickle cell status

Chizoma¹

2020

Indian J Child Health

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ickle cell anemia (SCA) is a common erythrocyte disorder caused by a homozygous point mutation in the hemoglobin beta gene with variable clinical manifestations [1,2]. Sickle cell mutations are common in sub-Saharan African region more-so in Nigeria. Recently, sickle cell disease (SCD) has been declared a public health problem [3]. Studies in the past decades suggest that community knowledge regarding personal sickle cell status and the inheritance pattern of SCD remain inadequate [4,5]. In addition, low-income countries like Nigeria, where the disease is prevalent, lack access to proper and sophisticated diagnostic tools [6]. In Nigeria, screening efforts have remained largely limited to the traditional hemoglobin solubility tests (HSTs) associated with false positives [7]. It is crucial to identify best screening methods for detecting sickle cell hemoglobin in high-risk populations [3,8,9]. To date, no studies have examined the impact of laboratory determined parental sickle cell screening status. The main objective of this study was to compare self-reported parental pre-and post-marital screen results, ascertain the relationship between parental understanding of inheritance pattern of SCA and premarital screening and that between premarital screen result and unwillingness to marry spouse using appropriate statistical tools for inferential and descriptive data. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2020 and June 2020 among parents of children with SCA attending the SCD clinic of the

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discordance between self-reported premarital and post-marital parental sickle cell status

Chizoma¹

2020

Indian J Child Health

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“…These assays allow the operator to visually confirm the presence of HbS within a sample, but, unlike our paper-based test, cannot distinguish between sickle trait and disease. Various modifications of the standard hemoglobin solubility assay that enable differentiation of sickle trait from disease rely on complex sample preparation procedures involving additional laboratory equipment and analytical instruments for detection,[ 25 – 27 ] and therefore have limited applicability in resource-limited settings of low-income developing countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a Low-Cost Paper-Based Screening Test for Sickle Cell Anemia

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe high childhood mortality and life-long complications associated with sickle cell anemia (SCA) in developing countries could be significantly reduced with effective prophylaxis and education if SCA is diagnosed early in life. However, conventional laboratory methods used for diagnosing SCA remain prohibitively expensive and impractical in this setting. This study describes the clinical validation of a low-cost paper-based test for SCA that can accurately identify sickle trait carriers (HbAS) and individuals with SCA (HbSS) among adults and children over 1 year of age.Methods and FindingsIn a population of healthy volunteers and SCA patients in the United States (n = 55) the test identified individuals whose blood contained any HbS (HbAS and HbSS) with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity for both visual evaluation and automated analysis, and detected SCA (HbSS) with 93% sensitivity and 94% specificity for visual evaluation and 100% sensitivity and 97% specificity for automated analysis. In a population of post-partum women (with a previously unknown SCA status) at a primary obstetric hospital in Cabinda, Angola (n = 226) the test identified sickle cell trait carriers with 94% sensitivity and 97% specificity using visual evaluation (none of the women had SCA). Notably, our test permits instrument- and electricity-free visual diagnostics, requires minimal training to be performed, can be completed within 30 minutes, and costs about $0.07 in test-specific consumable materials.ConclusionsOur results validate the paper-based SCA test as a useful low-cost tool for screening adults and children for sickle trait and disease and demonstrate its practicality in resource-limited clinical settings.

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“…Although SCD is a fatal disorder when treated inadequately, current treatment therapies can greatly extend the life expectancy by reducing the number of painful vaso-occlusive crises and life-threatening infections (17). Patients with SCD suffer severe, often continuous, physiological pain in the form of neuropathic and referred pain.…”

Section: Management Of Sickle Cell Disease and Causes Of Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adequate treatment protocols include immunizations and prophylactic antibiotics against infection, together with hydroxyurea and blood transfusion to help prevent crises. Bone marrow and stem cell transplants have become available as the only curative therapy and have been found to be successful in some individuals in the USA (17).…”

Section: Management Of Sickle Cell Disease and Causes Of Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of the Sickle Cell Disease in Grenada: Comparison with Haiti, Jamaica and United States

Nalbandian¹,

Kaminsky²,

Baghdasaryan³

et al. 2017

West Indian Med J

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Objective: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a multifaceted, chronic disease severely affecting the quality of life of patients and their families. In addition, it is becoming a costly public health concern. In comparing the epidemiology, management and outcome of SCD in the United States of America and the Caribbean, this article aimed to promote awareness of SCD and the need for adequate treatment. Methods: The surveillance data for SCD patients in Grenada were collected from the General Hospital of Grenada (St George's, Grenada) from discharge sheets that were filled out with the diagnosis of the patient and the cause of death. The data included the number of patients with SCD admitted to the hospital from 2007 to 2013, along with the number of individuals with SCD who died during each year. Results: Based on the given data, the average prevalence of SCD was approximately 1.49 per 1000 persons per year. The average case-fatality rate was 1.10%, and the average causespecific mortality rate was 1.64 per 100 000 persons per year. Conclusion: The lack of continuous registered follow-up of patients with SCD and the lack of preventive care, especially in developing countries, still results in the early deaths of patients. The data validated the severity of SCD in Grenada, and were compared with the data available in Haiti and Jamaica, in order to stress the importance of implementing better follow-up care to decrease the incidence and mortality of this devastating disease. Proper data collection and guidelines for basic care are needed to improve the quality of life of the patients with SCD in Grenada and the rest of the Caribbean region.

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Novel Test Method (Sickle Confirm) to Differentiate Sickle Cell Anemia from Sickle Cell Trait for Potential Use in Developing Countries

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Discordance between self-reported premarital and post-marital parental sickle cell status

Discordance between self-reported premarital and post-marital parental sickle cell status

Validation of a Low-Cost Paper-Based Screening Test for Sickle Cell Anemia

Epidemiology of the Sickle Cell Disease in Grenada: Comparison with Haiti, Jamaica and United States

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