Novel therapeutic effects of sesamin on diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction

Abstract

Diabetes is a risk factor that increases the occurrence and severity of cardiovascular events. Cardiovascular complications are the leading cause of mortality of 75% of patients with diabetes >40 years old. Sesamin, the bioactive compound extracted from Sesamum indicum, is a natural compound that has diverse beneficial effects on hypoglycemia and reducing cholesterol. The aim of this study is to investigate sesamin effects to diabetes-inducing cardiac hypertrophy. In the present study bioinformatics analysis demonstrated cardiac hypertrophy signaling may be the most important pathway for upregulating genes in sesamin-treated groups. To verify the bioinformatics prediction, sesamin was used as the main bioactive compound to attenuate the impact of diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ) on cardiac function in a rat model. The results revealed that oral administration of sesamin for 4 weeks (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) marginally improved blood glucose levels, body weight and significantly ameliorated the effects on heart rate and blood pressure in rats with type 1 diabetes relative to control rats. The QT interval of sesamin was also reduced relative to the control group. The findings indicated that sesamin has potential cardioprotective effects in the STZ-induced diabetes model. This suggested that this can be used as a novel treatment for patients with diabetes with cardiac dysfunction complication.

Health benefits of sesamin on cardiovascular disease and its associated risk factors

“…It is important to note that the anti-hypertensive effects of sesamin are not limited to salt-induced hypertensive animal models. Indeed, sesamin administration to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats significantly ameliorates the effect on blood pressure in rats with type 1 diabetes ( Thuy et al, 2017 ).…”

“…A study investigating the effect of sesamin on peroxidation levels of diabetic blood samples concludes that the antioxidant properties of sesamin can potentially protect plasma, LDL, and erythrocyte membrane from oxidation, and thus reduce the risk of developing coronary heart disease ( Dhar et al, 2005 ). Moreover, sesamin is found to possess cardioprotective properties ( Thuy et al, 2017 ). A 4 week administration of sesamin (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) to STZ-induced type 1 diabetic rats decreases blood glucose levels, and significantly improves heart rate and blood pressure.…”

“…A 4 week administration of sesamin (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) to STZ-induced type 1 diabetic rats decreases blood glucose levels, and significantly improves heart rate and blood pressure. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effect of sesamin helps to improve the myocardial damage associated with diabetes by improving the disorder in the myofiber arrangements ( Thuy et al, 2017 ). Finally, sesamin is also observed to restore the altered QT interval in diabetics, thus revealing that sesamin has a positive effect in improving cardiovascular dysfunction in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic rats ( Thuy et al, 2017 ).…”

Suppression of cyclooxygenase 2 increases chemosensitivity to sesamin through the Akt‑PI3K signaling pathway in lung cancer cells

“…Sesamin, a type of lignan, is a biologically active compound extracted in large quantities from Sesamum indicum (5). Sesamin has various valuable biological functions, including protection against oxidative stress, anti-inflammation and the inhibition of carcinogenesis (6).…”

“…Sesamin has various valuable biological functions, including protection against oxidative stress, anti-inflammation and the inhibition of carcinogenesis (6). A previous study revealed that sesamin decreased the frequency of chemical induction of breast tumors and enhanced liver detoxification (5). In addition, sesamin reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury in mice (7) and inhibited LPS-induced cell proliferation and invasion in prostate cancer cells (8).…”