Novel Word Recognition in Childhood Stuttering

Lescht, Erica; Venker, Courtney E.; McHaney, Jacie R.; Bohland, Jason W.; Wray, Amanda Hampton

doi:10.1097/tld.0000000000000271

Topics in Language Disorders

2022

DOI: 10.1097/tld.0000000000000271

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Novel Word Recognition in Childhood Stuttering

Erica Lescht

Courtney E. Venker

Jacie R. McHaney

et al.

Abstract: Language skills have long been posited to be a factor contributing to developmental stuttering. The current study aimed to evaluate whether novel word recognition, a critical skill for language development, differentiated children who stutter from children who do not stutter. Twenty children who stutter and 18 children who do not stutter, aged 3–8 years, completed a novel word recognition task. Real-time eye gaze was used to evaluate online learning. Retention was measured immediately and after a 1-hr delay. C… Show more

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“…A study by Lescht et al (2022) directly tests one aspect of language in children who stutter-novel word learning. Using a well-studied paradigm, they taught children, aged 3-8 years, a set of novel nonword-object pairs, with nonwords ranging from two to four syllables.…”

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confidence: 99%

Introduction to the Issue “Stuttering: Beyond Disfluencies”

2022

Topics in Language Disorders

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I am honored to bring together this issue of Topics in Language Disorders focusing on developmental stuttering without specific focus on disfluent speech productions. For decades, much of the research in this field has centered on counting and characterizing observable disfluencies in the speech of people who stutter. We now have a more comprehensive understanding of the nature of stuttering that extends beyond speech productions alone (e.g., Bloodstein et al., 2021). Developmental stuttering arises from complex interactions between a vulnerable speech motor system, where the neural networks that regulate speech motor control produce unstable speech signals, and a set of child factors, including cognitive, language, emotional, and environmental characteristics (Smith & Weber, 2017). Understanding these complex factors, and the interactions between them, is critical for understanding the nature of stuttering. Several of the articles in this issue focus on factors beyond speech production that contribute to stuttering.Along similar lines, for decades, clinicians and researchers have acknowledged that it is critical for stuttering treatment to extend beyond a focus on stuttered events. Despite this knowledge, much of stuttering treatment in practice continues to focus on "reducing the number of disfluencies." Several articles in this issue address why it is critical to focus on other factors in stuttering treatment and provide examples of how to target other communication goals. Together, this set of articles highlights important factors underlying stuttering and positive treatment outcomes for people who stutter, without focusing on speech disfluencies.The author has indicated that she has no financial and no nonfinancial relationships to disclose.

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Introduction to the Issue “Stuttering: Beyond Disfluencies”

2022

Topics in Language Disorders

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“…Next, Usler (2022) discusses the role of cognition in some aspects of stuttering, with particular emphasis on the experience of stuttering. Lescht et al (2022) further explore aspects of linguistics and stuttering within their article about novel word learning. Then, Tichenor et al (2022) highlight the importance of understanding the experience of people who stutter.…”

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confidence: 99%

Stuttering: Beyond Disfluencies

2022

Topics in Language Disorders

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Rather than focusing on research topics that are in vogue at a particular points in time (e.g., kinematics in the 1980's), we need to accept a variety of perspectives . . . . Knowledge about all aspects of stuttering should be our goal, and our focus should be based on our clients' needs . . . .- Quesal (1989, p. 163) In this issue of Topics in Language Disorders, Guest Issue Editor, Dr. Amanda Hampton Wray, invited authors to highlight important current topics related to stuttering, with a particular emphasis on highlighting issues beyond dysfluencies. As guest editor, she carefully crafted this issue to cover multiple aspects of stuttering from research and theoretical updates, to considerations for therapeutic approaches, and finally to an intervention study with preliminary results.First, Brundage and Bernstein Ratner (2022) share a research update on the important interaction between language and stuttering, emphasizing that stuttering should be considered beyond only speech production. Next, Usler (2022) discusses the role of cognition in some aspects of stuttering, with particular emphasis on the experience of stuttering. Lescht et al. (2022) further explore aspects of linguistics and stuttering within their article about novel word learning. Then, Tichenor et al. (2022) highlight the importance of understanding the experience of people who stutter. Finally, Byrd et al. (2022) share preliminary results from their communication effectiveness intervention for adults who stutter. In summary, Hampton Wray (2022) and the authors of this issue provide anThe authors have indicated that they have no financial and no nonfinancial relationships to disclose.

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Hand Preference in Stuttering: Meta-Analyses

Papadatou-Pastou,

Papadopoulou,

Samsouris

et al. 2023

Neuropsychol Rev

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Reduced hemispheric asymmetries, as well as their behavioral manifestation in the form of atypical handedness (i.e., non-right, left-, or mixed-handedness), are linked to neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, and several psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia. One neurodevelopmental disorder that is associated with reduced hemispheric asymmetries, but for which findings on behavioral laterality are conflicting, is stuttering. Here, we report a series of meta-analyses of studies that report handedness (assessed as hand preference) levels in individuals who stutter (otherwise healthy) compared to controls. For this purpose, articles were identified via a search in PubMed, Scopus, and PsycInfo (13 June 2023). On the basis of k = 52 identified studies totaling n = 2590 individuals who stutter and n = 17,148 controls, five random effects meta-analyses were conducted: four using the odds ratio [left-handers (forced choice); left-handers (extreme); mixed-handers; non-right-handers vs. total)] and one using the standardized difference in means as the effect size. We did not find evidence of a left (extreme)- or mixed-handedness difference or a difference in mean handedness scores, but evidence did emerge, when it came to left-handedness (forced-choice) and (inconclusively for) non-right-handedness. Risk-of-bias analysis was not deemed necessary in the context of these meta-analyses. Differences in hand skill or strength of handedness could not be assessed as no pertinent studies were located. Severity of stuttering could not be used s a moderator, as too few studies broke down their data according to severity. Our findings do not allow for firm conclusions to be drawn on whether stuttering is associated with reduced hemispheric asymmetries, at least when it comes to their behavioral manifestation.

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Novel Word Recognition in Childhood Stuttering

Cited by 3 publications

References 75 publications

Introduction to the Issue “Stuttering: Beyond Disfluencies”

Introduction to the Issue “Stuttering: Beyond Disfluencies”

Stuttering: Beyond Disfluencies

Hand Preference in Stuttering: Meta-Analyses

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