Novel zwitterionic deep eutectic solvents from trimethylglycine and carboxylic acids: characterization of their properties and their toxicity

Cardellini, Fabio; Tiecco, Marcello; Germani, Raimondo; Cardinali, Gianluigi; Corte, Laura Della; Roscini, Luca; Spreti, Nicoletta

doi:10.1039/c4ra10628h

Cited by 117 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The conductivity values of all DESs follow the same trend and there was no visible difference observed in the conductivity range with different concentrations of acid. The presented DES systems provide a relatively high conductivity in comparison with cholinium‐amino acid‐based ionic liquids at different temperatures reported in , where one of the oxalic acid‐trimethylglycine eutectic mixture had a conductivity of 5.1 mS cm −1 at 303.15 K .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Rheological, Thermodynamic, and Gas Solubility Properties of Phenylacetic Acid‐Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

et al. 2017

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Choline chloride + phenylacetic acid-based deep eutectic solvents are studied. Their most relevant experimental physicochemical properties at different mixing ratios together with the CO 2 solubility data obtained in wide pressure and temperature ranges are reported. The presented materials exhibit a significant CO 2 capture performance with low corrosion effect when compared with the most common amine-based CO 2 capture agents. Detailed rheological measurements are carried out and various models are applied to describe the dynamic flow behavior of the solvents. The CO 2 absorption mechanism is evaluated by studying the behavior of the liquid gas and interface. Due to the advantages of low cost, nontoxicity, and favorable physical properties, these solvents are an environmentally promising alternative for effective CO 2 capture technological applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Rheological, Thermodynamic, and Gas Solubility Properties of Phenylacetic Acid‐Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

et al. 2017

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“…In consistence with this nding, Cardellini et al 61,62 reported the rst toxicity studies of pure DESs toward yeast fungi strain. As a result, it was necessary to add relatively large doses of some DESs to expose their antifungal activity.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…64 IL proved to have toxic effects on the fungi and different types of bacteria. 66 More specically, the mechanism of DESs toxicity towards yeast fungi was studied by Cardellini et al 61,62 They found that DESs challenged the cells by inducing dehydrating effects similar to that produced by CaCl 2 . 42 In general, the antimicrobial activity of IL increases with the extension of substituent alkyl chain.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of toxicity and biodegradability for cholinium-based deep eutectic solvents

2015

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This study presented the toxicological and biodegradable assessment of different cholinium-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs). They were formed from choline chloride (ChCl) and N,N-diethyl ethanol ammonium chloride (EAC) as salts and four hydrogen bond donors, namely ethylene glycol (EG), glycerol (Gly), urea (U), malonic acid (MA), in addition to a metal salt, i.e. zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ), and a hydrated metal salt, i.e. zinc nitrate hexahydrate (ZnN). The toxicity towards Aspergillus niger of pure and aqueous DESs was evaluated by observing the inhibition zone using an agar well diffusion assay, and the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) using a broth dilution assay, respectively. The MIC values of the DESs varied from 1 to 650 mg mL À1 , whereas the inhibition zones changed according to the DES dose amount. Another test for acute toxicity was performed by evaluating the lethal concentration at 50% (LC 50 ) of the same DESs on Cyprinus carpio fish. The LC 50 of DESs ranged from practically harmless (e.g.ChCl : EG-DES aq ) to highly toxic (e.g. EAC : ZnCl 2 -DES aq ). The toxicity profile of the DESs depended on their concentration, type of individual components, and interaction with living organisms. Moreover, the DESs recorded higher toxicity compared to their individual components on fungi. However, lower toxicity was found for the DESs tested on Cyprinus carpio. Types I (organic salts and metal salt) and II (organic salt and hydrate metal salt) eutectics exhibited significantly higher toxicity than type III (organic salts and HBD). This was due to the presence of the innate toxicity of the metal salts. The biodegradability was appraised by a closed bottle test in which all the DESs were found to be readily biodegradable. To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous studies reported regarding the toxicity of cholinium-based DESs on freshwater fish or fungi and the biodegradability of EAC-based DESs. Therefore, this investigation can be used as a benchmark for future development of DESs. Table 1 Structures, names, and abbreviations of the individual components of the tested DESs Ammonium salts Hydrogen bond donors/metal salt/hydrate metal salt This journal is

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“…Sulfamic acid is usually expressed as H 2 NSO 2 (OH), but it mainly exists as a zwitterionic tautomer, H 3 NSO 3 (Scheme 1a). Therefore, DESbased on sulfamic acid and urea can be regarded as an analogue to the previous reported DES based on trimethylglycine (betaine) (Cardellini et al 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct sulfation of cellulose fibers using a reactive deep eutectic solvent to produce highly charged cellulose nanofibers

2019

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Novel zwitterionic deep eutectic solvents from trimethylglycine and carboxylic acids: characterization of their properties and their toxicity

Cited by 117 publications

References 95 publications

Rheological, Thermodynamic, and Gas Solubility Properties of Phenylacetic Acid‐Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

Rheological, Thermodynamic, and Gas Solubility Properties of Phenylacetic Acid‐Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

Evaluation of toxicity and biodegradability for cholinium-based deep eutectic solvents

Direct sulfation of cellulose fibers using a reactive deep eutectic solvent to produce highly charged cellulose nanofibers

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