“…By careful substitutions, the unique structural and physical properties have made these molecules important, in various areas of material science, such as semiconductors, molecular electronics, optoelectronics, photonics, photovoltaics, electrochromic, liquid crystal applications, and catalysis. − These compounds are also used in the active sites of enzymes, which are responsible for catalytic reactions such as aerobic oxidation, reduction and transport of dioxygen, and destruction of peroxides . The metallophthalocyanine complexes are promising in a variety of high-tech fields, such as nonlinear optics, , optical data storage, display devices as electrochromic substances, and gas sensors for the detection of halogens such as chlorine and nitrogen dioxide, as well as organic vapor analysers. − Special derivatives of phthalocyanines are used as second-generation photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer as they show strong absorption in the visible to near-IR region (600–850 nm), possessing greater tissue penetration properties and satisfactory photosensitization of singlet oxygen …”