“…As with CRF, NPY is widely expressed in the BNST, but little is known of the behavioral relevance of NPY signaling in the BNST. In other regions of the extended amygdala, NPY signaling promotes anxiolysis (Deo, Dandekar, Upadhya, Kokare, & Subhedar, 2010;Tasan et al, 2010) and reward (Desai, Upadhya, Subhedar, & Kokare, 2013) and relieves aversion (Ide et al, 2013) and depressivelike behaviors (Tasan et al, 2010). In line with observations demonstrating that the behavioral outcomes of NPY activity generally counter those of CRF activity (e.g., anxiolytic vs. anxiogenic, antidepressive vs. prodepressive), NPY signaling was found to functionally oppose CRF's actions on inhibitory transmission in the BNST (Kash & Winder, 2006).…”