NTPDase Specific Inhibitors Suppress Rice Infection by <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>

Bin, Long; Li, Guihua; Feng, Rongrong; Lan, Tao; Liu, Dian-Dian; Feng, Hui-Qiang; Qin, Qing‐Ming

doi:10.1111/jph.12267

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…S2), just as, by themselves, they do not inhibit the growth of plants at concentrations that increase herbicide effectiveness. In contrast, pretreatment of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, with anti-psychotic drugs that can inhibit ecto-NTPDases (ecto-apyrases) does suppress the effectiveness of this fungus in infecting rice (Long et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apyrase inhibitors enhance the ability of diverse fungicides to inhibit the growth of different plant‐pathogenic fungi

Tripathy

Weeraratne

Clark

et al. 2016

Molecular Plant Pathology

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A previous study has demonstrated that the treatment of Arabidopsis plants with chemical inhibitors of apyrase enzymes increases their sensitivity to herbicides. In this study, we found that the addition of the same or related apyrase inhibitors could potentiate the ability of different fungicides to inhibit the growth of five different pathogenic fungi in plate growth assays. The growth of all five fungi was partially inhibited by three commonly used fungicides: copper octanoate, myclobutanil and propiconazole. However, when these fungicides were individually tested in combination with any one of four different apyrase inhibitors (AI.1, AI.10, AI.13 or AI.15), their potency to inhibit the growth of five fungal pathogens was increased significantly relative to their application alone. The apyrase inhibitors were most effective in potentiating the ability of copper octanoate to inhibit fungal growth, and least effective in combination with propiconazole. Among the five pathogens assayed, that most sensitive to the fungicide-potentiating effects of the inhibitors was Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Overall, among the 60 treatment combinations tested (five pathogens, four apyrase inhibitors, three fungicides), the addition of apyrase inhibitors increased significantly the sensitivity of fungi to the fungicide treatments in 53 of the combinations. Consistent with their predicted mode of action, inhibitors AI.1, AI.10 and AI.13 each increased the level of propiconazole retained in one of the fungi, suggesting that they could partially block the ability of efflux transporters to remove propiconazole from these fungi.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apyrase inhibitors enhance the ability of diverse fungicides to inhibit the growth of different plant‐pathogenic fungi

Tripathy

Weeraratne

Clark

et al. 2016

Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…For M. oryzae inoculation, compatible and incompatible rice cultivars (Lijiangxintuanheigu and CO39 respectively) were used for the pathogenicity assay. Detached rice leaves (at 3-to 4-leaf stage, intact or wounded on the surface) were inoculated by dropping M. oryzae conidial suspension (5 3 10 5 conidia/ml, 5 ll) on the leaf surface; pathogenicity assay were performed as our previously described methods (Long et al, 2015).…”

Section: Plant Infection Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The septin protein Sep4 facilitates host infection by plant fungal pathogens via mediating initiation of infection structure formation

Feng

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Many phytopathogenic fungi use infection structures (IFSs, i.e., appressoria and infection cushions) to penetrate host cuticles. However, the conserved mechanisms that mediate initiation of IFS formation in divergent pathogens upon sensing the presence of host plants remain obscure. Here, we demonstrate that a conserved septin gene SEP4 plays crucial roles in this process. Disruption of SEP4 in the plant grey mould fungus Botrytis cinerea completely blocked IFS formation and abolished the virulence of ΔBcsep4 mutants on unwounded hosts. During IFS formation, mutants lacking SEP4 could produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) normally. Inhibition of ROS production in strains harbouring the SEP4 gene resulted in disordered assembly of Sep4 and the subsequent failure to form infection cushions, suggesting that proper Sep4 assembly regulated by ROS is required for initiation of IFS formation and infection. Moreover, loss of SEP4 severely impaired mutant conidiation, melanin and chitin accumulation in hyphal tips and lesion expansion on wounded hosts, but significantly promoted germ tube elongation and sclerotium production. SEP4-mediated fungal pathogenic development, including IFS formation, was validated in the hemibiotroph Magnaporthe oryzae. Our findings indicate that Sep4 plays pleiotropic roles in B. cinerea development and specifically facilities host infection by mediating initiation of IFS formation in divergent plant fungal pathogens in response to ROS signaling.

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“…Given that extracellular ATP was shown to be involved in cytolysis, cell adhesion, and growth of various microbes ( Roberto Meyer-Fernandes, 2002 ; Meyer-Fernandes et al, 2004 ; Li et al, 2011 ), these pathogenic microbes may be merely protecting themselves from ATP, a very reactive molecule. Correspondingly, a recent report by Long et al (2014) demonstrated that conidial germination, appressorium formation and pathogenicity of rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae were significantly reduced by pretreatment with nucleotidase-specific inhibitors.…”

Section: Role Of Extracellular Atp As a Dampmentioning

confidence: 83%

Extracellular ATP acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) signal in plants

et al. 2014

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As sessile organisms, plants have evolved effective mechanisms to protect themselves from environmental stresses. Damaged (i.e., wounded) plants recognize a variety of endogenous molecules as danger signals, referred to as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). ATP is among the molecules that are released by cell damage, and recent evidence suggests that ATP can serve as a DAMP. Although little studied in plants, extracellular ATP is well known for its signaling roles in animals, including acting as a DAMP during the inflammatory response and wound healing. If ATP acts outside the cell, then it is reasonable to expect that it is recognized by a plasma membrane-localized receptor. Recently, DORN1, a lectin receptor kinase, was shown to recognize extracellular ATP in Arabidopsis. DORN1 is the founding member of a new purinoceptor subfamily, P2K (P2 receptor kinase), which is plant-specific. P2K1 (DORN1) is required for ATP-induced cellular responses (e.g., cytosolic Ca2+ elevation, MAPK phosphorylation, and gene expression). Genetic analysis of loss-of-function mutants and overexpression lines showed that P2K1 participates in the plant wound response, consistent with the role of ATP as a DAMP. In this review, we summarize past research on the roles and mechanisms of extracellular ATP signaling in plants, and discuss the direction of future research on extracellular ATP as a DAMP signal.

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NTPDase Specific Inhibitors Suppress Rice Infection by Magnaporthe oryzae

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

Apyrase inhibitors enhance the ability of diverse fungicides to inhibit the growth of different plant‐pathogenic fungi

Apyrase inhibitors enhance the ability of diverse fungicides to inhibit the growth of different plant‐pathogenic fungi

The septin protein Sep4 facilitates host infection by plant fungal pathogens via mediating initiation of infection structure formation

Extracellular ATP acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) signal in plants

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