Nuclear export mechanisms of circular RNAs: size does matter

Azmi, Asfar S.

doi:10.21037/ncri.2018.08.03

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Together, our data provided evidence that the nuclear export of circRNAs is an evolutionarily conserved process that is regulated by Drosophila Hel25E and its human homologs in a length-dependent manner [35,38,39] (Figure 1).…”

Section: Length-dependent Nuclear Export Of Circrnasmentioning

confidence: 58%

The nuclear export of circular RNAs is primarily defined by their length

Kearse

Huang

2018

RNA Biology

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Although it was long assumed that eukaryotic pre-mRNAs are almost always spliced to generate linear mRNAs, it is now clear that thousands of protein-coding genes can be non-canonically spliced using backsplicing to produce circular RNAs (circRNAs). Most mature circRNAs accumulate in the cytoplasm; however, little is known about how circRNAs are exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm as they lack many of the common signals used for mRNA export. In this point-of-view article, we will discuss our recently identified circRNA nuclear export pathway and address important open questions in the field. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Length-dependent Nuclear Export Of Circrnasmentioning

confidence: 58%

The nuclear export of circular RNAs is primarily defined by their length

Kearse

Huang

2018

RNA Biology

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“…Using different methods, some studies reported that exonic circRNAs localize in the cytoplasm, and they were susceptible to the siRNA-mediated decay system, which could be useful in clarifying the functional roles of circRNAs (Hansen et al, 2011). The human homologs of the Drosophila melanogaster Hel25E (helicase at 25E) similarly regulate circRNA localization, and their export from the nucleus to cytoplasm is size dependent (Azmi, 2018;. Exonic circRNAs share some sequence-dependent features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNAs and gastrointestinal cancers: Epigenetic regulators with a prognostic and therapeutic role

Naeli

Pourhanifeh

Karimzadeh

et al. 2020

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology

145

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Both environmental and genetic factors are involved in the initiation and development of gastrointestinal cancer. Covalent closed circular RNAs (circRNAs) are produced by a mechanism called "back-splicing" from mRNAs. They are highly stable and show cell and tissue specific expression patterns. Although some functions such as "microRNA sponge" and "RNA binding protein sponge" have been reported for a small number of circRNAs, the function of thousands of other circRNAs is still unknown. Dysregulation of circRNAs has been reported in many GI cancers and are involved in metastasis and invasion. CircRNAs have been reported to be useful as prognostic markers and targets for developing new treatments. We first describe the properties and biogenesis of circRNAs. We then summarize recent reports about circRNA functions, expression status, and their potential to be used as biomarkers in GI cancers including, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, gallbladder cancer and pancreatic cancer.

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Liquid biopsy for therapy monitoring in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer

et al. 2021

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Liquid biopsy is now considered a valuable diagnostic tool for advanced metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In NSCLC, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis has been shown to increase the chances of identifying the presence of targetable mutations and has been adopted by many clinicians owing to its low risk. Serial monitoring of ctDNA may also help assess the treatment response or for monitoring relapse. As the presence of detectable plasma ctDNA post-surgery likely indicates residual tumor burden, studies have been performed to quantify plasma ctDNA to assess minimal residual disease (MRD) in early-stage resected NSCLC. Most data on utilizing liquid biopsy for monitoring MRD in early-stage NSCLC are from small-scale studies using ctDNA. Here, we review the recent research on liquid biopsy in NSCLC, not limited to ctDNA, and focus on novel methods such as micro RNAs (miRNA) and long non-coding (lncRNA).

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Nuclear export mechanisms of circular RNAs: size does matter

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

The nuclear export of circular RNAs is primarily defined by their length

The nuclear export of circular RNAs is primarily defined by their length

Circular RNAs and gastrointestinal cancers: Epigenetic regulators with a prognostic and therapeutic role

Liquid biopsy for therapy monitoring in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer

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