Nuclear matter approach to the heavy-ion optical potential

The effect of nuclear and Coulomb interactions on the nuclear shapes of two colliding208Pb nuclei

“…The general definition of the optical potential between two colliding nuclei is the difference between their energy at finite distance R and at infinity [3][4][5][6][7][8][9], i.e.…”

“…Here K~(=~2MNElab/A~) is the relative momentum per nucleon [4] (3) h2 where 2m z and rc are the kinetic energy and complex potential energy densities of the system. These densities are calculated in momentum space for two Fermi spheres using the generalized local density approximation [41.…”

“…At each separation distance we minimize the total binding energy of the Pb + Pb system with respect to the quadrupole deformation and diffuseness parameters of the nuclear densities assuming that the matter density distribution of the composite system is a sum of two deformed Fermi distri-buttons. In order to perform these static calculations we use the nuclear matter approach of Faesster and collaborators [3][4][5]. In this approach, the total energy of the system is calculated in a generalized local density approximation [4] using the energy density functional which is obtained by solving the Bethe-Goldstone equation in momentum space for two Fermi spheres separated by the relative momentum per nucleon.…”

“…The Reid soft-core potential is taken as the bare NN-interaction. This approach has been first applied to spherical nuclei [3][4][5] and then extended to deformed nuclei [6,7]. Recently some modifications have been made to the energy density by adding to it two terms representing surface correction and symmetry energy densities with their strengths adjusted to reproduce ground state properties [8,9].…”

U + U potential in the sudden and adiabatic approximation

“…In [6] both the energy and orientation dependence of the interaction potential between two U nuclei have been studied using a recent approach for calculating ion-ion potentials based on the collision of two penetrating pieces of nuclear matter [8][9][10]. In this approach the potential energy density is obtained by solving the Bethe-Goldstone equation with the momentum distribution of two Fermi spheres representing two colliding nuclear matters.…”