Nuclear microprobe investigation of the penetration of ultrafine zinc oxide into human skin affected by atopic dermatitis

Szikszai, Zita; Kertész, Zs.; Bodnár, Edina; Borbíró, I.; Angyal, Anikó; Csedreki, L.; Furu, Enikő; Szoboszlai, Zoltán; Kiss, Á.Z.; Hunyadi, J.

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2011.02.055

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It should be noted that the ability of TiO 2 particles to cross the blood-brain barrier had been previously published. 87 For the sake of convenience, Tables 1 and 2, respectively, provide an overview of human in-vitro [88][89][90][91][92][93][94] and in-vivo 57,58,88,[92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99] skin penetration studies, but this discussion is restricted to physicochemical aspects and long-term studies. The publications that have not mentioned particle sizes or that investigated primary sizes larger than 100 nm are not included.…”

Section: Skin Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreens: focus on their safety and effectiveness

Smijs

Pavel

2011

NSA

830

480

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sunscreens are used to provide protection against adverse effects of ultraviolet (UV)B (290-320 nm) and UVA (320-400 nm) radiation. According to the United States Food and Drug Administration, the protection factor against UVA should be at least one-third of the overall sun protection factor. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) minerals are frequently employed in sunscreens as inorganic physical sun blockers. As TiO2 is more effective in UVB and ZnO in the UVA range, the combination of these particles assures a broad-band UV protection. However, to solve the cosmetic drawback of these opaque sunscreens, microsized TiO2 and ZnO have been increasingly replaced by TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) (<100 nm). This review focuses on significant effects on the UV attenuation of sunscreens when microsized TiO2 and ZnO particles are replaced by NPs and evaluates physicochemical aspects that affect effectiveness and safety of NP sunscreens. With the use of TiO2 and ZnO NPs, the undesired opaqueness disappears but the required balance between UVA and UVB protection can be altered. Utilization of mixtures of micro- and nanosized ZnO dispersions and nanosized TiO2 particles may improve this situation. Skin exposure to NP-containing sunscreens leads to incorporation of TiO2 and ZnO NPs in the stratum corneum, which can alter specific NP attenuation properties due to particle-particle, particle-skin, and skin-particle-light physicochemical interactions. Both sunscreen NPs induce (photo)cyto- and genotoxicity and have been sporadically observed in viable skin layers especially in case of long-term exposures and ZnO. Photocatalytic effects, the highest for anatase TiO2, cannot be completely prevented by coating of the particles, but silica-based coatings are most effective. Caution should still be exercised when new sunscreens are developed and research that includes sunscreen NP stabilization, chronic exposures, and reduction of NPs' free-radical production should receive full attention.

show abstract

Section: Skin Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreens: focus on their safety and effectiveness

Smijs

Pavel

2011

NSA

830

480

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to the above, there are numerous in vitro/ ex vivo investigations which show that NMs with different compositions/size/charge/dispersion or application vehicle applied by the dermal route do not permeate intact viable skin layers of different animal species and humans (Baroli et al 2007, Cohen et al 2013, Gontier et al 2008, Kimura et al 2012, Labouta et al 2011, Lee et al 2013b, Liu et al 2012a, Prow et al 2012, Ravichandran et al 2011, Rouse et al 2007, Staroňová et al 2012, Szikszai et al 2011, Wu et al 2009b, Xu et al 2011, Zhang et al 2011. These studies are outside the remits of this review, hence will not receive any further attention however they are important in the overall conclusions formed on the ability of NMs to translocate to secondary organs following dermal application.…”

Section: Dermal Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterial translocation–the biokinetics, tissue accumulation, toxicity and fate of materials in secondary organs–a review

Kermanizadeh

Balharry

Wallin

et al. 2015

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

141

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Engineered nanomaterials (NMs) offer great technological advantages but their risks to human health are still not fully understood. An increasing body of evidence suggests that some NMs are capable of distributing from the site of exposure to a number of secondary organs. The research into the toxicity posed by the NMs in these secondary organs is expanding due to the realisation that some materials may reach and accumulate in these target sites. The translocation to secondary organs includes, but is not limited to, the hepatic, central nervous, cardiovascular and renal systems. Current data indicates that pulmonary exposure is associated with low (inhalation route-0.00001-1% of total applied dose-24 h) translocation of virtually insoluble NMs such as iridium, carbon black, gold and polystyrene, while slightly higher translocation has been observed for NMs with either slow (e.g., silver, cerium dioxide and quantum dots) or fast (e.g., zinc oxide) solubility. The translocation of NMs following intratracheal, intranasal and pharyngeal aspiration is higher (up to 10% of administered dose), however the relevance of these routes for risk assessment is questionable. Uptake of the materials from the gastrointestinal tract seems to follow the same pattern as inhalation translocation, whereas the dermal uptake of NMs is generally reported to be low. The toxicological effects in secondary organs include oxidative stress, inflammation, cytotoxicity and dysfunction of cellular and physiological processes. For toxicological and risk evaluation, further information on the toxicokinetics and persistence of NMs is crucial. The overall aim of this review is to outline the data currently available in the literature on the biokinetics, accumulation, toxicity and eventual fate of NMs in order to assess the potential risks posed by NMs to secondary organs.

show abstract

“…Studies using nonmetal nanomaterials have also demonstrated that penetration of nanomaterials in allergic skin is size-dependent (Try et al 2016). ZnO NP were also shown to penetrate allergic skin ex vivo using human skin samples (Szikszai et al 2011). Contrarily, application of 35 nm ZnO NP to skin of living human subjects with atopic dermatitis did not lead to penetration into viable skin (Lin et al 2011).…”

Section: Metal Nanomaterials and Dermal Hypersensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal nanomaterials: Immune effects and implications of physicochemical properties on sensitization, elicitation, and exacerbation of allergic disease

Roach

Stefaniak

Roberts

2019

Journal of Immunotoxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The recent surge in incorporation of metallic and metal oxide nanomaterials into consumer products and their corresponding use in occupational settings have raised concerns over the potential for metals to induce size-specific adverse toxicological effects. Although nano-metals have been shown to induce greater lung injury and inflammation than their larger metal counterparts, their size-related effects on the immune system and allergic disease remain largely unknown. This knowledge gap is particularly concerning since metals are historically recognized as common inducers of allergic contact dermatitis, occupational asthma, and allergic adjuvancy. The investigation into the potential for adverse immune effects following exposure to metal nanomaterials is becoming an area of scientific interest since these characteristically lightweight materials are easily aerosolized and inhaled, and their small size may allow for penetration of the skin, which may promote unique size-specific immune effects with implications for allergic disease. Additionally, alterations in physicochemical properties of metals in the nano-scale greatly influence their interactions with components of biological systems, potentially leading to implications for inducing or exacerbating allergic disease. Although some research has been directed toward addressing these concerns, many aspects of metal nanomaterial-induced immune effects remain unclear. Overall, more scientific knowledge exists in regards to the potential for metal nanomaterials to exacerbate allergic disease than to their potential to induce allergic disease. Furthermore, effects of metal nanomaterial exposure on respiratory allergy have been more thoroughly-characterized than their potential influence on dermal allergy. Current knowledge regarding metal nanomaterials and their potential to induce/ exacerbate dermal and respiratory allergy are summarized in this review. In addition, an examination of several remaining knowledge gaps and considerations for future studies is provided.

show abstract

Nuclear microprobe investigation of the penetration of ultrafine zinc oxide into human skin affected by atopic dermatitis

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreens: focus on their safety and effectiveness

Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreens: focus on their safety and effectiveness

Nanomaterial translocation–the biokinetics, tissue accumulation, toxicity and fate of materials in secondary organs–a review

Metal nanomaterials: Immune effects and implications of physicochemical properties on sensitization, elicitation, and exacerbation of allergic disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About