Nucleation and growth mechanisms of poly(thiophene) Part 1. Effect of electrolyte and monomer concentration in dichloromethane

Schrebler, Ricardo; Grez, Paula; Cury, P.; Veas, C.; Merino, M.; Gómez, H.; Córdova, Ricardo; Valle, M.

doi:10.1016/s0022-0728(97)00109-5

Cited by 116 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…S2). In good agreement with the experimental electronic 20 absorption data (Fig. 4), the neutral calculation is dominated mainly by higher energy bands while the oxidised one includes the lower energy transitions.…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

“…3, inset) revealed three oxidation peaks at 0.25, 0.41 and 0.60 V and three reductions at 0.22, 0.39 and 0.70 V. These types of voltammetric responses are typical for polythiophenes and are associated with the complex mechanisms of the charging-discharging processes taking place 20 upon reverse cycling. 10 The colour of the oxidised film is bluish and orange when the film is reduced, typical of a conducting polymer (see inset, To further investigate the absorption behaviour of polyTMC4, the spectral properties of the film were examined across the 45 potential range used for the post-CV analysis (-0.5 → 0.9 V) (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Utilising the 20 known metal coordination capabilities of merocyanines, introduction of cobalt ions into the electropolymerisation led to an enhancement of the conductivity, morphology and optical properties of the polymer films.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A merocyanine-based conductive polymer

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A merocyanine-based conductive polymer

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“…The very wrinkled nature of the film is atypical of substituted poly(terthiophene) films. 52 This morphology may reflect both the bulky nature of the substituent as well as the dual growth mechanism proposed by Schrebler et al 53 Formation of an initial flat film firmly adhered to the electrode surface by 2D nucleation and growth (dense film, Figure S4a), followed by oxidative swelling (3D growth), may account for this film wrinkling. Trapped solvent or nucleated gases may also contribute to this unusual morphology.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Indanedione-Substituted Poly(terthiophene)s: Processable Conducting Polymers with Intramolecular Charge Transfer Interactions

et al. 2010

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Officer, D. L. (2010). Indanedione-substituted poly(terthiophene)s: Processable conducting polymers with intramolecular charge transfer interactions. Macromolecules, 43 (8), 3817-3827. Indanedione-substituted poly(terthiophene)s: Processable conducting polymers with intramolecular charge transfer interactions AbstractThe electrochemical and chemical syntheses of poly(terthiophene)s bearing an indanedione pendant group and displaying intramolecular charge transfer interactions have been achieved. The nature of the charge transfer interaction is characterized through DFT calculations and experimental studies, including resonance Raman spectroscopy and absorption and emission data through a Lippert-Mataga analysis. It is found that the low-energy transition present in the indanedione-bearing monomer species has considerable charge transfer character with a dipole change of II D. Decomposition of the indanedione group occurred during hydrazine reduction after chemical polymerization. A soluble, low molecular weight indanedione-substituted polymer (weight average 4500 Da) was nonetheless obtained following the use of a milder reducing agent, triethanolamine. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of the use of triethanolamine for the reduction of an oxidized polythiophene, providing a milder and safer alternative to hydrazine. In an attempt to produce higher molecular weight processable polymers with intramolecular charge transfer interactions, a copolymer of the indanedione-substituted terthiophene and a dihexylterthiophene was synthesized. The electronic conjugation of the produced polymers was characterized by Raman frequency dispersion experiments and show dispersion rate parameters similar to those observed for other substituted polythiophenes. ABSTRACT: The electrochemical and chemical syntheses of poly(terthiophene)s bearing an indanedione pendant group and displaying intramolecular charge transfer interactions have been achieved. The nature of the charge transfer interaction is characterized through DFT calculations and experimental studies, including resonance Raman spectroscopy and absorption and emission data through a Lippert-Mataga analysis. It is found that the low-energy transition present in the indanedione-bearing monomer species has considerable charge transfer character with a dipole change of 11 D. Decomposition of the indanedione group occurred during hydrazine reduction after chemical polymerization. A soluble, low molecular weight indanedionesubstituted polymer (weight average 4500 Da) was nonetheless obtained following the use of a milder reducing agent, triethanolamine. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of the use of triethanolamine for the reduction of an oxidized polythiophene, providing a milder and safer alternative to hydrazine. In an attempt to produce higher molecular weight processable polymers with intramolecular charge transfer interactions, a copolymer of the indanedione-substituted terthiophene and a dihexylterthiophene was synthesized. The ...

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“…This has been widely discussed in previous works of our group, 26 establishing that structurally this polymer possesses a high degree of order and linearity. 34 The high intensity band that increases as the polymerization proceeds, as seen in Fig. 6(b*), demonstrates the high degree of conjugation in the chain establishing a head to tail polymerization mechanism between the amino groups and carbons of the benzene ring at positions 4 and 5 [ Fig.…”

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Electro-oxidation of 1-amino-9,10-anthraquinone and O-phenylenediamine and the Influence of Its Copolymerizaton in the Modified Electrode Properties

et al. 2013

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Poly(1-amino-9,10-anthraquinone-co-o-phenylenediamine) (P1AAQ-co-POPD) was synthesized by electrochemical methods on stainless steel electrodes (SS) using equal monomer concentration in acetonitrile/acidified water mixture as solvent. Electrochemical characterization allows, among others, determining the characteristic redox couple potential of the quinone group, which is one of the advantages of having achieved the copolymerization. FTRaman, ATR and UV-Vis characterization confirms the formation of the copolymer, particularly, by the occurrence of a novel signal ascribed to a new C-N type bond. Besides, the conductivity of the deposits was determined, which enabled the conducting properties of the products to be verified. The topographical and morphological characterization accomplished by atomic force (AFM) and transmission electron (TEM) microscopy showed how the inclusion of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) increases the homogeneity of the copolymer, which in turn enables designing likely applications of the electrode modified with this novel polymeric material.

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Nucleation and growth mechanisms of poly(thiophene) Part 1. Effect of electrolyte and monomer concentration in dichloromethane

Cited by 116 publications

References 16 publications

A merocyanine-based conductive polymer

A merocyanine-based conductive polymer

Indanedione-Substituted Poly(terthiophene)s: Processable Conducting Polymers with Intramolecular Charge Transfer Interactions

Electro-oxidation of 1-amino-9,10-anthraquinone and O-phenylenediamine and the Influence of Its Copolymerizaton in the Modified Electrode Properties

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