Nucleation and growth of copper on glassy carbon: Studies in extended overpotential interval

Electroreduction of cupric(II) ions at the ultramicroelectrodes from concentrated electrolytes – Comparison of industrial and laboratory prepared aqueous solutions of copper(II) ions in sulfuric acid electrolytes

“…Combining the data from Tables 1 and 2 the time necessary for saturation can be estimated. The time for saturation decreases with temperature from the range of tenths of millisecond to the range of 10 ms. Our results confirm literature data which show that the increase in applied potential increases the number of nuclei and decreases their size (assuming the same charge is used in the experiment) [9][10][11][12][13]. According to the above analysis, there are no fundamental differences between the kinetics of the first stages of copper elelctrocrystallization from industrial and laboratory electrolytes.…”

“…The maximum current and time t max are strongly influenced by temperature and potential. As it is shown in the literature [1,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] the rate of electrocrystallization increases with temperature and potential. Our study confirms those relationships -as it is shown in Figs.…”

“…steady-state conditions characterised by spherical diffusion. It has been reported in the previous studies [1,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] electrocrystallization rate depends on the applied potential and temperature. Below we present the results of the studies of the electrocrystallization kinetics as a function of the electrolyte type, temperature and applied potential (in the range of voltammetric plateau).…”

Magnetic field effects on the initial stages of electrodeposition processes

“…Zapryanova et al [26] reported that the discharge of cupric ions takes place in two steps, (I) Cu 2+ + e À ? Cu + and (II) Cu + + e À ?…”

Nucleation and growth of clusters through multi-step electrochemical reactions

“…Cu + ! Cu is a typical example in this respect (see [24][25][26] and the references cited therein). Thus although reaction Cu 2+ + e !…”