Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with versatile
functionalities
have applications in environmental science, sensor separation, catalysis,
and drug delivery. In particular, MOFs used in drug delivery should
be biodegradable and easy to control. In this study, spray-dried cyclodextrin-based
MOFs (CD-MOFs) with tunable crystallinity, porosity, and dissolution
properties were fabricated. The spray-drying precursor properties,
such as ethanol volume ratio, incubation time, and precursor concentration,
were optimized for controlled crystallization. On the basis of the
morphology, X-ray diffraction peak intensity, and specific surface
areas of the spray-dried CD-MOF products, they were categorized as
amorphous, partially crystalline, and highly crystalline. An active
pharmaceutical ingredient ketoconazole (KCZ) was introduced into the
precursor to prepare KCZ-containing CD-MOFs. The surface areas of
these products were greater by 3-fold (292 m2/g) than that
of the plain CD-MOF (94.1 m2/g) prepared using the same
parameters. The presence of KCZ in the hydrophobic cavity between
the two γ-CD molecules was correlated to the CD-MOF crystal
growth. Additionally, CD-MOF particles exhibited different dissolution
behaviors on the basis of the position of KCZ in the MOF. These spray-dried
CD-MOFs with tunable morphology, specific surface area, and dissolution
could have potential applications in various fields.