Nucleotide polymorphisms in the waxy gene of NaN3-induced waxy rice mutants

Jeng, Toong Long; Wang, Chang Sheng; Tseng, Tung Hai; Wu, Min; Sung, Jih Min

doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2008.07.009

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Expression of the GBSS1 gene in the GM077 was very low compared with that in the GLA4 , which showed that the waxy mutant was defect in the waxy gene encoding the GBSS1. Jeng et al also reported that the GBSS1 activity in a waxy mutant kept very low during grain development compared to its counterpart parent. Another interesting finding is that the GM077 has higher gelatinization temperature than its parent (Table ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Morphological and physicochemical properties of two starch mutants induced from a high amylose indica rice by gamma irradiation

Kong

Sun

et al. 2013

Starch Stärke

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Morphological and physicochemical properties of two starch mutants isolated from a high amylose indica rice, Guangluai 4 (GLA4), were characterized. One is waxy mutant (GM077) with opaque endosperm, which had low amylose content (2.6%) and had a characteristic RVA pasting viscosity curve with a rapid increase and rapid breakdown in viscosity from onset to peak viscosity and during temperature holding step, respectively. The other is white-core mutant (GM645) with a chalky endosperm in the center of the grain. The starch granules in the chalky part are round and a little smaller than those in the other part, which had polygonal shape. GM645 had an amylose content of 22.8%. RVA pasting viscosity of GM645 flour was smaller than that of its parent GLA4, while that of its starch was higher than GLA4. The gel hardness of GM645 flour and starch was less than that of GLA4. GM077 had higher peak temperature (T p , 79°C) than GLA4 (77°C), and the GM645 had the lowest gelatinization temperature. GLA4 had the largest retrogradation percentage (34.7% for flour and 29.7% for starch), whereas GM077 had the smallest retrogradation percentage among the three rice starches (9.6% for flour and 12.8% for starch). GM077 had more chains with DP 6-10, DP 18-33, and DP !44 than GLA4, and GM645 had more chains with DP 6-9, DP 22-35, and DP !44 than GLA4. Application of the starch mutants in food processing, and identification of defect genes for functional genomics study with these two mutants were also discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Defect in the Waxy gene produces waxy (wx) mutants that have opaque endosperm, which can be easily identified visibly. Many gamma ray‐ or chemical mutagen induced waxy mutants have been available in rice . Floury mutant is easy to identify so that isolation of the floury mutant has attracted many groups' attention .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and physicochemical properties of two starch mutants induced from a high amylose indica rice by gamma irradiation

Kong

Sun

et al. 2013

Starch Stärke

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“…Additionally, a single base mutation in intron 1 in rice was thought to have caused an altered splice site, leading to a reduced level of GBSS I mRNA and protein (Cai et al, 1998;Hirano et al, 1998;Isshiki et al, 1998;Han et al, 2004;Itoch et al, 2003;Yamanaka et al, 2004). A duplication of 23-bp in the second exon, also caused the inactivation or loss of GBSS I in rice (Hori et al, 2007;Jeng et al, 2007;Wanchana et al, 2003;Jeng et al, 2009). It will be informative for us to develop transgenic waxy barley with various mutations to study the structure and activity of GBSS I proteins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization and comparative analysis of two waxy alleles in barley

Jiang

Wei

et al. 2010

Genes Genom

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Two alleles of the barley waxy locus were characterized from non-waxy cultivar Bowman and waxy cultivar CDC Candle, respectively. Their nucleotide and protein sequences were compared with other known waxy genes. The comparison results indicated that there were 100 polymorphic sites, among which 69 were in the non-coding region and 31 were in the coding region. Out of 100 polymorphic sites, 45 were transversion, 35 were transition and 20 were indels. A 397 bp deletion and a 193 bp insertion in the promoter region and a 15 bp insertion in the coding region were found in CDC Candle, but not in Bowman. A deletion (11 bp) was detected in Bowman, which exhibited no effects on normal waxy expression. In summary, the 397 bp deletion was supposed to account for the reduction of GBSS I, resulting in the low amylose in CDC Candle; whereas other polymorphic sites might be not correlated with amylose synthesis.

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“…In rice grains, the Waxy (Wx) gene encodes granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS), is a major gene controlling amylose synthesis, and directly affects the amylose content (AC). The rice type (glutinous or non-glutinous) is mainly governed by two alleles (wx and Wx) of same gene (Yamanaka et al, 2004;Jeng et al, 2009). Recently, a study was reported to enrich the range of breeding materials by using a base editing system at the third, fourth, and fth exon of Wx b to create a series of mutants with AC of 1.4-11.9% (Xu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Wide Association Study on Development and Evolution of Glutinous Rice

Jiang

Rashid²,

Yan

2020

Preprint

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Background: As a globally known staple food, rice is well domesticated in the world. Various regions have different food preferences, which lead to design the goals for breeding programs. Glutinous rice as a special endosperm type is also consumed as a staple food in East Asian countries by consumers’ preference. Genetic studies on glutinous rice could be conducive to improve rice quality and understand its development and evolution. Genome-wide association study was performed to explore the associated loci/genes underlying glutinous rice by using 2108 rice accessions. Results: A total of 399, 262 and 156 annotated genes with significant loci were identified to be associated with endosperm type. By combining the expression patterns analysis, 127, 81, and 48 candidate genes were screened in whole rice panel, indica, and japonica sub-populations with moderate expression in seeds. There were 32 genes, including three starch synthesis-related genes Wx, SSG6, and OsSSIIa, detected simultaneously in the whole rice panel and subpopulations, playing important role in determining glutinous rice. The main waxy haplotypes of three starch synthesis-related genes were identified by haplotype analysis, while the combined haplotype analyses, revealed that the waxy combined haplotype mainly distributed in Southeast Asia (SEA), SEA islands (SER) and East Asia islands (EAR). Through population structure and genetic differentiation, we proposed the evolutionary model of waxy haplotypes of the three genes from wild rice to japonica, and then to indica.Conclusion: It was concluded that the waxy haplotypes of the three genes firstly generated (or were directly inherited from wild rice) in japonica, and then flowed into indica in SER, SEA and EAR. These results provide valuable information for further gene discovery and understanding the development and evolution for glutinous rice.

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Nucleotide polymorphisms in the waxy gene of NaN3-induced waxy rice mutants

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Morphological and physicochemical properties of two starch mutants induced from a high amylose indica rice by gamma irradiation

Morphological and physicochemical properties of two starch mutants induced from a high amylose indica rice by gamma irradiation

Molecular characterization and comparative analysis of two waxy alleles in barley

Genome Wide Association Study on Development and Evolution of Glutinous Rice

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