Numerical and experimental determination of metallic solubilities in liquid lithium, lithium-containing nonmetallic impurities, lead and lead-lithium eutectic

Long-term corrosion behavior of martensitic steel welds in static molten Pb–17Li alloy at 550°C

“…The rate of Cr depletion is greater than that of Fe within the first 1000 h. After 1000 h the rate of Cr depletion decreases while that of Fe remains constant or slightly increases. Compared with Fe, the solubility of Cr in molten Pb-17Li is smaller and the reduction of Cr depletion over time may possibly result because the limit of Cr concentration in Pb-17Li was reached [9,22]. The marked change in Fe content after exposure for 5000 h indicates that the total corrosion loss was likely determined by the continued dissolution of Fe into the Pb-17Li.…”

Eurofer corrosion by the flow of the eutectic alloy Pb–Li in the presence of a strong magnetic field

“…Finally, in the case of very long ducts, this thickness may become of the same order as or larger than the half-duct width ı D ≥ h. This suggests three different methods to derive relevant expressions for the concentration distribution throughout the melt, which are detailed in Appendix A. We shall see that the regime of a developing diffusive layer corresponds to the Riga experiment and that, at the wall, the iron concentration is significantly smaller than the solubility limit c eq ≈ 10 −3 [13], which is itself much smaller than the iron concentration in the solid c S ≈ 1.…”

“…If c eq stands for the equilibrium concentration (i.e. the solubility limit) of Fe into liquid lead [13], by definition the difference in chemical potential of Fe between the solid and the liquid is zero if c i = c eq , and is positive if c i < c eq , negative otherwise. The difference of chemical potential for Fe , positively counted when the tendency is toward dissolution, can therefore be written: The specificities of the thermodynamics (i.e.…”

“…Then, at a larger distance from the origin, such as the position of sample 7 that we have analyzed (x ≈ 8 cm, 3X/P ≈ 63), boundary condition (13) requires that…”

“…Since the Riga experiment provides a measurement for the erosion rate by pure dissolution (620 m/year, or 2 × 10 −11 m/s [7]), taking c eq ≈ 10 −3 [13], we derive the following estimations for the mass flux at the wall, the˛coefficient introduced in (20) and the dissolution number:…”