“…Because of some unique advantages of using the EHD technique, it has been widely investigated for increasing heat transfer as a method. Some examples for the application of the EHD technique are cooling heat sink (Tang et al , 2020; Joppolo et al , 2012; Nourdanesh and Ranjbar (2022); Zhang et al , 2019; Wang et al , 2013; Fazlollahi and Alemrajabi, 2018), solar collectors and chimney (Nourdanesh et al , 2020; Haghighat et al , 2019), air-cooled photovoltaic/thermal systems (Golzari et al , 2018), solar air heater (Kasayapanand and Kiatsiriroat, 2006), condensation (Mohammadi et al , 2021; Sadek et al , 2010), single-phase and two-phase heat and mass transfer (Alamgholilou and Esmaeilzadeh, 2012; Lohrasbi et al , 2017), mixing (Jalaal et al , 2013), boiling (Nangle-Smith and Cotton, 2019; Nangle-Smith and Cotton, 2018), heat pump systems (Trommelmans and Berghmans, 1986), air conditioning systems (Ohadi, 1991), film cooling (Jafari et al , 2020; Li et al , 2021), drying (Iranshahi et al , 2020; Dolati et al , 2018), defrosting systems (Rijing et al , 2020; Malik et al , 2020) and others. Compact size, simple design, no moving parts, noiselessness and insignificant electricity consumption (Seyed-Yagoobi and Bryan, 1999) are the reasons for this wide attention.…”