Numerical Description of Pulsed Breakdown Between Parabolic Electrodes

Brok, W.J.M.; Wagenaars, E.; Dijk, Jan van; Mullen, J.J.A. van der

doi:10.1109/tps.2007.903831

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The local electric field is also changed with the appearance of streamers. To find out in which way, we adapted a model [21] previously used for simulation of pulsed breakdown between parabolic electrodes. It is a 2D fluid model, suitable for nonuniform electric fields.…”

Section: Average Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speed of streamers in argon over a flat surface of a dielectric

Sobota¹,

Lebouvier²,

Kramer³

et al. 2008

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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A pin–pin electrode geometry was used to study the velocities of streamers propagating over a flat dielectric surface and in gas close to the dielectric. The experiments were done in an argon atmosphere, at pressures from 0.1 to 1 bar, with repetitive voltage pulses. The dielectric surface played a noticeable role in discharge ignition and propagation. The average speed of the discharge decreased with higher pressure and lower voltage pulse rise rate. It was higher when the conductive channel between the electrodes was formed over the dielectric, rather than through the gas. Space resolved measurements revealed an increase in velocity of the discharge as it travelled towards the grounded electrode.

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Section: Average Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speed of streamers in argon over a flat surface of a dielectric

Sobota¹,

Lebouvier²,

Kramer³

et al. 2008

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…It is clear that, for 6-mm distance from the electrodes to the dielectric, the field gradient originating at the anode in the direction of the dielectric is bigger than toward the volume between the pins, which could explain the discharge always going toward the dielectric. According to the model used to research the ignition behavior [2], the initial shape of the electric field remains constant regardless of the applied voltage.…”

Section: Discharge Ignition Near a Dielectricmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The left photograph shows the electric field strength in the case when the dielectric is 6 mm away from the electrodes; the electric field strength for 16-mm distance is on the right. Electric field was calculated using the Plasimo code [2]. The tip radius used in the calculation was 0.2 mm, whereas the real tip radius was 15 µm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Discharge Ignition Near a Dielectric

Sobota

Veldhuizen

Stoffels

2008

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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Electrical breakdown in noble gas near a dielectric is an important issue in lighting industry. In order to investigate the influence of the dielectric on the ignition process, we perform measurements in argon, with pressure varying from 0.1 to 1 bar, using a pin-pin electrode geometry. Here, we present timeresolved images of ignition process for two different distances from electrodes to the dielectric.Index Terms-Electric breakdown, gas discharges.M ODERN lighting depends mainly on plasma radiation.Still, the process of discharge ignition is not yet fully understood, and a significant question in the ignition process of a standard lamp is the role of the dielectric wall. Using a highspeed camera and a versatile reactor, breakdown in the presence of a dielectric can now be systematically studied. In this paper, we present time-resolved images of electrical breakdown near a flat dielectric wall.We modified the setup that has already been described [1] in a way that is more suitable for this investigation. We used a pin-pin geometry, instead of pin-plate, and added a flat wall made of BK7, which is a material with ε r = 2.28. The distance between the tips of the two pins was 30 mm, and the distance between pins and the dielectric varied between 6 and 16 mm. The 2-D (x − y) schematic representation of the geometry is shown in Fig. 1, along with the equipotential lines. For discharge ignition, we used 5-25-kV positive voltage pulses with rise times between 100 and 200 ns. Measurements were done in argon at pressures from 0.1 to 1 bar. The photographs were taken with a 4QuickE intensified charge-coupled device camera. For photographs presented in this paper, we used exposure times of 5-10 ns.The top electrode is the anode, and the bottom one is grounded. The dielectric is positioned left from the electrodes, as shown in Fig. 1. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the discharge always starts at the anode and travels toward the grounded electrode. At one point, light starts emitting near the grounded electrode, and subsequently, the channel between the two electrodes is formed. However, there is an obvious difference between the discharges shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Fig. 2 shows the evolution of the discharge in 400 mbar of argon, with the dielectric wall being 6 mm away from the electrodes. The discharge starts at the anode, reaches the dielectric, and rapidly propagates along its surface. After the channel is formed, it becomes brighter as it Manuscript Fig. 1. Electric field strength shortly after the voltage pulse starts, when there is 1.25 kV across the anode, plotted against the 2-D projection of the geometry in the experiment. The color bar represents the electric field strength (in volts per meter). The left photograph shows the electric field strength in the case when the dielectric is 6 mm away from the electrodes; the electric field strength for 16-mm distance is on the right. Electric field was calculated using the Plasimo code [2]. The tip radius used in the calculation was 0.2 mm, whereas the real tip radius was 15 µ...

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“…Hence the calculations presented here are the precursors to the relaxed distributions used in fluid calculations, and so offer a short time-scale complement to drift-diffusion approaches. There are avalanche PIC simulations [31] and hybrid fluid-PIC codes [32,33], but the advantage of the simulation reported here is that by calculating the evolving distribution functions in detail, comprehensive and accurate transient diagnostic information can be computed, allowing detailed characterisation of the non-equilibrium plasma evolution. Short time-scale calculations are a valuable complementary technique to approaches such as BOLSIG [34], where nonequilibrium electron distribution functions are inferred from localised uniform electric field conditions, and used to correct transport and rate coefficients in the fluid limit.…”

Section: Comparing DC and Reversed Electric Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of transient energy distributions in sub-ns streamer formation

MacLachlan¹,

Potts²,

Diver³

2013

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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Abstract. Breakdown and streamer formation is simulated in atmospheric pressure nitrogen for a 2-D planar electrode system. A PIC code with multigrid potential solver is used to simulate the evolution of the non-equilibrium ionization front on sub-nanosecond timescales. The ion and electron energy distributions are computed, accounting for including inelastic scattering of electrons, and collisionally excited metastable production and ionization.Of particular interest is the increased production of metastable and low-energy ions and electrons when the applied field is reversed during the progress of the ionization front, giving insight into the improved species yields in nanosecond pulsed systems.

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Numerical Description of Pulsed Breakdown Between Parabolic Electrodes

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

Speed of streamers in argon over a flat surface of a dielectric

Speed of streamers in argon over a flat surface of a dielectric

Discharge Ignition Near a Dielectric

Simulation of transient energy distributions in sub-ns streamer formation

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