The energy crisis has intensified in recent years. The
current
global economic environment and increasing cost of mining necessitate
additional energy access channels. Previous studies have shown that
natural gas hydrate reservoirs (NGHRs) contain a large number of natural
gas resources. However, several problems are associated with the safe
and efficient exploitation of the NGHRs. Reservoir stimulation technology
is expected to address these issues. This study introduces the properties
and mining difficulties of NGHRs and reviews their stimulation scheme
and related research progress based on three perspectives: hydraulic
fracturing, burden sealing, and near-well reconstruction. The principles,
advantages, and limitations of the three schemes are compared. In
addition to the stimulation effects of the three aforementioned methods,
this study focused on the fracability of NGHRs, the factors influencing
fracture initiation and development, and the fracturing fluid, proppant,
completion fluid, and slurry suitable for NGHR stimulation. In addition,
the principles, current challenges, and future research prospects
for reservoir stimulation are summarized to provide a reference for
the commercial exploitation of natural gas hydrates in the future.