Numerical Modeling and Clinical Evaluation of Pulsed Dye Laser and Copper Vapor Laser in Skin Vascular Lesions Treatment

Abstract

Introduction: Different yellow lasers have been successfully used for the treatment of vascular lesions. This study is aimed to ascertain the role and efficiency of copper vapor lasers (CVLs) and pulsed dye lasers (PDLs) for the treatment of vascular lesions using numerical modeling and to compare results with our clinical experience. In this study we aimed to develop criteria for the choice of more efficient laser exposure mode, investigate more relevant modes of laser irradiation to ensure selective photothermolysis of target vessels, and compare the CVL and PDL efficiency in the course of patients with skin vascular lesions (SVL) treatment. Methods: We performed numerical simulation of the processes of heating a vessel with CVL and PDL to temperatures at which its coagulation could occur. Calculated fluencies were compared with clinical results of laser therapy performed on 1242 patients with skin hemangiomas and vascular malformations (SHVM), including 635 patients treated with CVL and 607 patients treated with PDL. PDL and CVL provided excellent results in 40 and ten days after treatment. The treatment was not painful. Patients did not need anesthesia. Postoperative crusts were greater with PDL than with CVL. Results: Results of computer simulation of a selective vessel heating using PDL and CVL radiation are presented. By results obtained, depth of the location and sizes of vessels that could be selectively heated to more than 75°C are determined. Conclusion: Based on calculated and clinical data, the heating mode for dysplastic vessels using a series of CVL micropulses could be regarded to be safer and more efficient than the mode of a PDL short, powerful pulse.

Treatment of Congenital Melanocytic Nevi With a Dual-Wavelengths Copper Vapor Laser: A Case Series

“…16 The induction of melanogenesis by endothelial cells indicates the advisability of remodeling of the vascular bed associated with hyperpigmentation to prevent CMN relapsing. 17 Yellow CVL radiation at 578 nm can be applied for selective heating of the dysplastic vessels in the CMN area, 18,19 which demonstrates increased vascularization. It provides the remodeling of the vascular bed associated with the induction of melanogenesis by endothelial cells to prevent recurrences.…”

Treatment of Basal Cell Cancer With a Pulsed Copper Vapor Laser: A Case Series

“…CVL with a wavelength of 578 nm has the optimal parameters for the treatment of such vascular lesions as port-wine stains, hemangiomas, and telangiectasia. 23 Therefore, the use of CVL, which allows for the selective heating of blood vessels, seems reasonable for the We compared the heating of vessels and perivascular tissue exposed to the radiation generated by CVL or the Diode laser. The comparison was based on the procedure of the simulation of blood vessel heating using Matlab software.…”

Treatment of pyogenic granuloma in children with copper vapor laser radiation (578 nm)

“…Nevertheless, copper vapor laser seems to be a good treatment option for treating pyogenic granuloma without side effects due to its capability to provide selective coagulation of the blood vessels in the upper dermis. 9 We report for the first time the successful use of copper vapor laser to treat pyogenic granuloma.…”

“…7,8 The copper vapor laser radiation at 578 nm has been used to eliminate port-wine stains or telangiectasia consisting of dilated venous microvessels in the deeper dermal layers. 9 There were no reports of use of the copper vapor laser for treatment of pyogenic granulomas. Nevertheless, copper vapor laser seems to be a good treatment option for treating pyogenic granuloma without side effects due to its capability to provide selective coagulation of the blood vessels in the upper dermis.…”