Numerical modeling of graphene-coated fiber optic surface plasmon resonance biosensor for BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic breast cancer detection

Abstract

A numerical illustration of a hybrid design and numerical analysis of graphene-coated fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor for BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 genetic breast cancer detection is provided. Two specific mutations named 916delTT in BRCA-1 gene and 6174delT in BRCA-2 gene are being selected for detection of breast cancer numerically. This sensor is based on attenuated total reflection (ATR) method to detect individual point mutations in BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 genes. Based on the numerically obtained results, a momentous change is present in the SPR angle (minimum 35% more) and surface resonance frequency (SRF) (minimum 36% more) for probe DNA with various concentrations of target DNA corresponding to the mutation of the BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 genes. The variation of the SPR angle and SRF for mismatched DNA strands in BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 genes is quite negligible, whereas that for complementary DNA strands is considerable. This considerable change is essential for proper detection of genetic biomarkers (916delTT and 6174delT) for early breast cancer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of such an adept biosensor for detecting BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic breast cancer. Here, we used graphene as bimolecular acknowledgement element for improving sensor performance. At the end of the article, the performance in terms of sensitivity is analyzed. Therefore, the proposed biosensor opens a window toward detection of early detection of BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 genetic breast cancers.

Numerical Analysis and Design of Photonic Crystal Fiber Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor

“…In this method, RI variation is detected by measuring the resonance shift peak λ ∆ . Sensitivity in this method is defined as [20].…”

Graphene-Coated Optical Fiber SPR Biosensor for BRCA1 and BRCA2 Breast Cancer Biomarker Detection: a Numerical Design-Based Analysis

“…A great deal of attention on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with graphene based biosensors as a leading optical sensing technology has been Photonic Sensors 68 achieved by the researchers because of their effective applications in numerous fields including medical diagnostics, biomolecule detection, biochemical detection and environmental monitoring [1][2][3], and proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridization [4,5]. DNA hybridization is a regularly used biomolecular method by which the level of the genetic relationship between pools of DNA sequences to obtain the genetic gap of two organisms has been estimated.…”

“…DNA hybridization is a regularly used biomolecular method by which the level of the genetic relationship between pools of DNA sequences to obtain the genetic gap of two organisms has been estimated. This biochemical process of identifying DNA nucleotide bonding in the proper orientation is very important for medical diagnostics [6] even for BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in early breast cancer diagnosis [2][3][4]. BRCA1: a gene that normally acts to restrain the growth of cells in the breast but which, when mutated, predisposes breast cancer.…”

“…These genes are tumor suppressor genes associated with double strand deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) repair accounting for abnormal uncontrolled tumor cell growth [2]. More than 400 different mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are leading to tumor growth and thus finally cancer [3]. Real-time detection of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technologies has become the most merchandized detection approach with high specificity and sensibility [3].…”

“…More than 400 different mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are leading to tumor growth and thus finally cancer [3]. Real-time detection of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technologies has become the most merchandized detection approach with high specificity and sensibility [3]. Two prime categories, genetic and proteomic, are classified for breast cancer biomarkers.…”