Numerical modeling of submarine turbidity currents over erodible beds using unstructured grids

Fluid-particle interaction regimes during the evolution of turbidity currents from a coupled LES/DEM model

“…Mathematical models of TCs can be divided into two categories: layer-averaged models and depth-resolving models (Meiburg et al, 2015). The former include box models (e.g., Dade and Huppert, 1995;Gladstone and Woods, 2000) and shallow water models (e.g., Parker et al, 1986;Parker et al, 1987;Bonnecaze et al, 1993;Hu and Cao, 2009;Hu et al, 2012;Hu et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2017;Yang et al, 2019;Hu et al, 2019;Alhaddad et al, 2020). The latter include Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations (e.g., Huang et al, 2007Huang et al, , 2008Abd El-Gawad et al, 2012;Felix, 2001;An and Li, 2010), Large Eddy Simulations (LES) (e.g., Kyrousi et al, 2018), and Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) (e.g., Necker et al, 2002Necker et al, , 2005Strauss and Glinsky, 2012;Espath et al, 2014;Nasr-Azadani and Meiburg, 2014;Francisco et al, 2017;He et al, 2018;He et al, 2019;Zhao et al, 2019).…”