Numerical models of gold‐deposit formation in the Bendigo‐Ballarat Zone, Victoria

Schaubs, Peter; Zhao, Chongbin

doi:10.1046/j.1440-0952.2002.00964.x

Cited by 82 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Hronsky and Groves 2008; Potma et al 2008). Although significant progress has been made in coupling heat transfer, species transport and reaction for simplified chemical systems (Raffensperger and Garven 1995a;Appold and Garven 2000;Schaubs and Zhao 2002;Sorjonen-Ward et al 2002;Alt-Epping 2004;Alt-Epping andDiamond 2006, 2007;Gessner 2006a, b, 2009a-this volume;Cleverley 2007;Elmer et al 2007;Ord et al 2007;Kühn 2009-this volume), the physical process interaction during hydrothermal mineralisation cannot yet be modelled in its full complexity in a spatially accurate manner. One of the key requirements for efficient hydrothermal flow and mineralisation is the existence of a hydraulic architecture that allows the flow of hydrothermal solutions across critical gradients of temperature, pressure, and chemical composition.…”

Section: Fully Coupled Models: Challenges and Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled Process Models as a Tool for Analysing Hydrothermal Systems

et al. 2009

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Hydrothermal systems are characterised by complex interactions between heat transfer, fluid flow, deformation, species transport and chemical reactions. Numerical models can provide quantitatively constrained information in regions where acquisition of new data is difficult or expensive thus providing a means for reducing risks, costs, and effort during targeting, production, and management of resources linked to hydrothermal systems. Here we show how numerical simulations of hydrothermal processes can be used to better understand coupled reactive transport in modern geothermal systems and in ancient hydrothermal ore deposits.

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Section: Fully Coupled Models: Challenges and Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled Process Models as a Tool for Analysing Hydrothermal Systems

et al. 2009

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“…Models In both cases there is a potential to drive flow upward in regions where fluid pressure departs from hydrostatic gradient, but the high pore pressure below the seal (in b) may favour tensile failure of the rock at the top of the reservoir are either purely elastic (Cox and Ruming 2004;Micklethwaite and Cox 2004), based on damage mechanics concepts (Sheldon and Micklethwaite 2007), or simulate plasticity by slip along interfaces of discrete elements representing weak fault systems (Ojala et al 1993;Holyland and Ojala 1997;Mair et al 2000). Other workers have used numerical models based on coupling Mohr-Coulomb plasticity with Darcy flow as implemented in the finite difference codes FLAC (Itasca 2000) and FLAC 3D (Itasca 2003;Cundall and Board 1988), to simulate dilation in complex multi-material geometries (Jiang et al 1997;Gow et al 2002;Ord et al 2002;Ord and Oliver 1997;Schaubs and Zhao 2002;Sorjonen-Ward et al 2002;Gessner et al 2006;McLellan et al 2004;Sheldon and Ord 2005;Robinson et al 2006;Schaubs et al 2006;Vos et al 2007;Zhang et al 2006aZhang et al , b, 2007Potma et al 2008). The latter technique is based on coupling Darcy flow to a Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model including plasticity.…”

Section: Modelling Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled Models of Brittle-plastic Deformation and Fluid Flow: Approaches, Methods, and Application to Mesoproterozoic Mineralisation at Mount Isa, Australia

Gessner

2009

Surv Geophys

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Rock deformation has an important effect on the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of permeability in the Earth's crust. Hydromechanical coupling is of fundamental significance to natural fluid-rock interaction in porous and fractured hydrothermal systems, and in the assessment and production of hydrocarbon resources and geothermal energy. Shearing and fracturing of rocks can lead to the creation or destruction of permeability when fractures or faults form, or when existing structures are reactivated. Changes in stress orientation or fluid pressure can drive rock failure and create dilating fault zones that have the potential to focus fluid flow, or to breach seals above overpressured fluid compartments. Here, numerical models of deformation and fluid flow related to Mesoproterozoic copper mineralisation at Mount Isa, Australia, are presented that show how changes in deformation geometry in multiply deformed geological architectures relate to changes in dilation patterns, fluid pathways and flow geometry. Coupled numerical simulations of deformation and fluid flow can be useful tools to better understand structural control on fluid flow in hydrothermal mineral systems.

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“…It needs to be pointed out that the value of N i can be determined using the convergent condition expressed by Equation (10), so that different values of N i may be obtained in the numerical simulation. It is the convergent condition that approximately warrants the solution of the quasistatic nature, if the value of is not strictly equal to zero.…”

Section: Numerical Simulation Issue Stemming From the Loading Procedumentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle simulation of spontaneous crack generation problems in large‐scale quasi‐static systems

Zhao

Hobbs

Ord

et al. 2006

Numerical Meth Engineering

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SUMMARYTo extend the application range of the distinct element method from a laboratory scale into a large scale such as a geological scale, we need to deal with an upscale issue associated with simulating spontaneous crack generation problems in large-scale quasi-static systems. Toward this direction, three important simulation issues, which may affect the quality of the particle simulation results of a quasi-static system, have been addressed in details in this paper. The first simulation issue is how to determine the particle-scale mechanical properties of a particle from the measured macroscopic mechanical properties of rocks. The second simulation issue is that the fictitious time, rather than the physical time, is used in the particle simulation of a quasi-static problem. The third simulation issue is that the conventional loading procedure used in the distinct element method is conceptually inaccurate, at least from the force propagation point of view. A new loading procedure is proposed to solve the conceptual problem resulting from the third simulation issue. The proposed loading procedure is comprised of two main types of periods, a loading period and a frozen period. Using the proposed loading procedure, the parameter selection problem stemming from the first issue can be somewhat solved. Since the second issue is an inherent one, it is strongly recommended that a particle-size sensitivity analysis of at least two different models, which have the same geometry but different smallest particle sizes, be carried out to confirm the particle simulation result of a large-scale quasi-static system. The related simulation results have demonstrated the usefulness and correctness of the proposed loading procedure for dealing with spontaneous crack generation problems in large-scale quasi-static geological systems.

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Numerical models of gold‐deposit formation in the Bendigo‐Ballarat Zone, Victoria

Cited by 82 publications

References 48 publications

Coupled Process Models as a Tool for Analysing Hydrothermal Systems

Coupled Process Models as a Tool for Analysing Hydrothermal Systems

Coupled Models of Brittle-plastic Deformation and Fluid Flow: Approaches, Methods, and Application to Mesoproterozoic Mineralisation at Mount Isa, Australia

Particle simulation of spontaneous crack generation problems in large‐scale quasi‐static systems

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