Numerical prediction of rotor-stator interaction noise using 3D CAA with synthetic turbulence injection

Cader, Adil; Polacsek, Cyril; Garrec, Thomas Le; Barrier, Raphaël; François, Benjamin; Jacob, Marc C.

doi:10.2514/6.2018-4190

Cited by 8 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…As discussed in Ref. 17 , fully 3D simulations are still challenging and very expensive in terms of CPU cost, as it requires a 360° domain (or at least several vane-channels satisfying the condition Δm g = 2π / ΔΨ , where ∆Ψ is the periodicity sector angle). In practice, the CAA domain can be restricted to a single vane-channel (with periodic boundary condition in the circumferential direction) by considering a 2-wavenumber turbulence spectrum, φ u n u n k ξ , k r ( ) .…”

Section: A Caa Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This CAA code follows the methodology detailed in Ref. 17 , which has been successfully applied in a previous work…”

Section: Numerical Simulations Of Broadband Noise and Acoustic Performancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 on the left, the domain has been duplicated over 11 channels, as required for simulations based on a 3-wavenumber turbulence spectrum. 17 The CAA domain is shown in Fig. 14 on the right, and it is colored by axial mesh spacing deformation for the serrated OGV.…”

Section: B Rans-derived Information and Caa Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aeroacoustic design and broadband noise predictions of a fan stage with serrated outlet guide vanes

et al. 2020

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This work, realized in the framework of the European project TurboNoiseBB, presents an advanced aeroacoustic design methodology of Outlet Guide Vanes (OGVs) with leading edge serrations, including details on their broadband noise and aerodynamic performance. The serrated OGV corresponds to a modified stator from an aero-engine fan stage tested at the AneCom Aerotest's facility (Germany). Sinusoidal leading edge patterns with varying amplitude and wavelength along the span are designed in collaboration with Safran Aircraft Engines. Serrations are adjusted to account for the turbulence characteristics provided by Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) calculations. Optimal parameters are found using simple design rules discussed in the paper. Down selection of serrated OGV designs (patent pending) are conducted through a RANS control of aerodynamic performances and in accordance with industrial specifications, ensuring acceptable penalties on the loss coefficient and isentropic efficiency. Broadband noise simulations are performed using a computational aeroacoustic (CAA) code that solves the linearized Euler equations with a synthetic turbulence model. Additionally, the acoustic response of the serrated leading edge airfoils is also estimated using the most relevant analytical formulation in the literature, based on the Wiener-Hopf technique. Numerical predictions at approach conditions are compared to available experimental measurements (on the untreated baseline case) and analytical Amiet-based and Wiener-Hopf solutions, showing a satisfactory agreement in the sound power spectrum in the bypass duct. Finally, the acoustic performances estimated at the design stage are numerically assessed by both CAA and Wiener-Hopf methods, providing around 2.5 dB and 3.5 dB reduction on the overall power level, respectively.

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Section: A Caa Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This CAA code follows the methodology detailed in Ref. 17 , which has been successfully applied in a previous work…”

Section: Numerical Simulations Of Broadband Noise and Acoustic Performancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aeroacoustic design and broadband noise predictions of a fan stage with serrated outlet guide vanes

et al. 2020

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“…Gill et al 14 concluded that considering only the transverse velocity component is adequate for single, symmetric airfoils. In a more recent work, Cader et al 15 have applied two-and three-component formulations for turbulence generation for a real fan stage, i. e. the ACAT1 fan at approach conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of a 2D Synthetic Turbulence Method for Predicting the ACAT1 Fan's Broadband Noise

Kissner

Guérin

Behn

2019

25th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference

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Fan broadband noise, particularly rotor-stator-interaction noise, is an important noise mechanism in modern aircraft engines. However, its prediction is not trivial. Applied approaches range from fast but simplified analytical approaches to computationally demanding turbulence scale-resolving simulations. RANS-informed synthetic turbulence methods present a promising compromise between accuracy and cost. Two-dimensional simulations on a single streamline are especially attractive as they can be easily computed on conventional computers. While a good agreement with NASA SDT experimental data could be shown in the past, it can be questioned how representative a 2D simulation at an arbitrarily chosen streamline position can truly be since the flow and turbulence in the interstage region is highly dependent on the fan geometry and its operating conditions. In this paper, the authors propose a new, 3D-equivalent approach for setting up a 2D synthetic turbulence simulation. The results are compared to approaches that were applied for past investigations. In addition, a detailed comparison to the comprehensive, acoustic test data for the AneCom AeroTest 1 (ACAT1) transonic fan is shown. The good agreement between numerical and experimental data proves that a fast, two-dimensional synthetic turbulence method is indeed capable of accurate fan broadband noise predictions.

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“…The simulations are therefore consistent, yet the predicted sound power levels downstream of the fan stage underestimate the experimentally determined sound power levels, especially at low frequencies. The underprediction of sound power levels has been documented for analytical methods [1,2,40], synthetic turbulence methods [54][55][56], and scale-resolving methods [51]. One explanation may be that the experimental sound power levels are not restricted to fan broadband noise levels but also include other noise sources.…”

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confidence: 99%

ACAT1 Benchmark of RANS-Informed Analytical Methods for Fan Broadband Noise Prediction—Part I—Influence of the RANS Simulation

et al. 2020

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A benchmark of Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS)-informed analytical methods, which are attractive for predicting fan broadband noise, was conducted within the framework of the European project TurboNoiseBB. This paper discusses the first part of the benchmark, which investigates the influence of the RANS inputs. Its companion paper focuses on the influence of the applied acoustic models on predicted fan broadband noise levels. While similar benchmarking activities were conducted in the past, this benchmark is unique due to its large and diverse data set involving members from more than ten institutions. In this work, the authors analyze RANS solutions performed at approach conditions for the ACAT1 fan. The RANS solutions were obtained using different CFD codes, mesh resolutions, and computational settings. The flow, turbulence, and resulting fan broadband noise predictions are analyzed to pinpoint critical influencing parameters related to the RANS inputs. Experimental data are used for comparison. It is shown that when turbomachinery experts perform RANS simulations using the same geometry and the same operating conditions, the most crucial choices in terms of predicted fan broadband noise are the type of turbulence model and applied turbulence model extensions. Chosen mesh resolutions, CFD solvers, and other computational settings are less critical.

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Numerical prediction of rotor-stator interaction noise using 3D CAA with synthetic turbulence injection

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Aeroacoustic design and broadband noise predictions of a fan stage with serrated outlet guide vanes

Aeroacoustic design and broadband noise predictions of a fan stage with serrated outlet guide vanes

Assessment of a 2D Synthetic Turbulence Method for Predicting the ACAT1 Fan's Broadband Noise

ACAT1 Benchmark of RANS-Informed Analytical Methods for Fan Broadband Noise Prediction—Part I—Influence of the RANS Simulation

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