Numerical prediction of saturation in dual scale fibrous reinforcements during Liquid Composite Molding

Gascón, Ll.; Garcı́a, Juan Antonio; Lebel, François; Ruiz, Édu; Trochu, F.

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.05.019

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Each experiment has been repeated three times, and finally, the characterization was carried out with the software STAR ® 9.10 from Mettler-Toledo. In accordance with ASTM D3171-11 [4], “Standard methods for constituent content of composite materials”, the weight percentage of each constituent is obtained from the following expressions:P1(%)=P1P0·100 P2(%)=P2P0·100 P3(%)=P3P0·100 Residue (%) = normalP1 − normalP2 − normalP3 P 0 = initial mass P 1 = final mass P 3 = carbon mass P 4 = resin mass…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all forming processes, either wet (prepregs) or dry (LCM), numerical methods that include capillary effects and/or resin–air interface modeling should be used. The most advanced models in these techniques are based on numerical schemes by biphasic finite elements [4] that use the Stokes or Darcy’s flows models adapted to the biphasic behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the Degree of Cure through Thermal Analysis and Raman Spectroscopy in Composite-Forming Processes

et al. 2019

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The curing of composite materials is one of the parameters that most affects their mechanical behavior. The inspection methods used do not always allow a correct characterization of the curing state of the thermosetting resins. In this work, Raman spectroscopy technology is used for measuring the degree of cure. The results are compared with conventional thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Carbon fiber specimens manufactured with technologies out of autoclave (OoA) have been used, with an epoxy system Prepreg System, SE 84LV. The results obtained with Raman technology show that it is possible to verify the degree of polymerization, and the information is complementary from classical thermal characterization techniques such as TGA and DSC; thus, it is possible to have greater control in curing and improving the quality of the manufactured parts.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Degree of Cure through Thermal Analysis and Raman Spectroscopy in Composite-Forming Processes

et al. 2019

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“…Another approach is to consider the flow as a dual-scale flow. The intra-tow flow can be treated as delayed infiltration of tows, which can be modeled as sinks of inter-tow flow, as described in [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. In addition, a multiscale algorithm has been reported by Tan and Pillai [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Experimental Validation of the VARTM Process for Thin-Walled Preforms

Larsson

Rouhi

2019

Polymers

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In this paper, recent shell model is advanced towards the calibration and validation of the Vacuum-assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM) process in a novel way. The model solves the nonlinear and strongly coupled resin flow and preform deformation when the 3-D flow and stress problem is simplified to a corresponding 2-D problem. In this way, the computational efficiency is enhanced dramatically, which allows for simulations of the VARTM process of large scale thin-walled structures. The main novelty is that the assumptions of the neglected through-thickness flow and the restricted preform deformation along the normal of preform surface suffice well for the thin-walled VARTM process. The model shows excellent agreement with the VARTM process experiment. With good accuracy and high computational efficiency, the shell model provides an insight into the simulation-based optimization of the VARTM process. It can be applied to either determine locations of the gate and vents or optimize process parameters to reduce the deformation.

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“…Proper manufacture of these complex materials by resin injection remains an open issue including three steps: compression of the fibrous reinforcement in the mold, impregnation with resin, and post‐cure deformations after demolding. Several approaches exist to simulate numerically these phenomena with varying levels of agreement with experimental results . One difficulty lies in the accuracy of the geometrical model of the textile reinforcement used to perform such simulations .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Image‐based model reconstruction and meshing of woven reinforcements in composites

Madra

Breitkopf

Rassineux

et al. 2017

Numerical Meth Engineering

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A method based on dual kriging is proposed to process X-ray microtomographic scans of textile composites in order to construct a 3D representation of the fiber architecture with a regulated level of details. The geometry is optimized by using the curvature energy of fiber tow profiles in order to determine the best discretization scheme; then the nugget effect is applied in kriging to smooth the outward surface of fiber tows. This approach allows creating 3D models of variable resolution ranging from the X-ray scan level to geometric representations with surface meshes required for numerical simulation. The method is applied to a glass fiber textile laminate embedded in a thermoplastic matrix, and preliminary results for the estimation of the local permeability of the fiber tows are presented.

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Numerical prediction of saturation in dual scale fibrous reinforcements during Liquid Composite Molding

Abstract: ElsevierGascón Martínez, ML.; García Manrique, JA.; Lebel, F.;Trochu, F. (2015).

Cited by 29 publications

References 12 publications

Study of the Degree of Cure through Thermal Analysis and Raman Spectroscopy in Composite-Forming Processes

Study of the Degree of Cure through Thermal Analysis and Raman Spectroscopy in Composite-Forming Processes

Modeling and Experimental Validation of the VARTM Process for Thin-Walled Preforms

Image‐based model reconstruction and meshing of woven reinforcements in composites

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