Numerical predictions for serial, parallel, and coactive logical rule-based models of categorization response time

Little, Daniel R.

doi:10.3758/s13428-012-0202-4

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Lest one wonder why the Raven's test, one of many assays of fluid intelligence, is worthy of study it must be recalled that the Raven's test is a rule induction task par excellence ; consequently, understanding the relationship between WMC and Raven's should inform theories of the relationship between WMC and other induction tasks, such as category learning (e.g., Lewandowsky, 2011; Craig and Lewandowsky, 2012; Sewell and Lewandowsky, 2012), theories of rule-based categorization (Fific et al, 2010; Nosofsky and Little, 2010; Little et al, 2011, 2013; Little, 2012), and theories of individual differences in categorization (Yang and Lewandowsky, 2004; Little and Lewandowsky, 2009; Sewell and Lewandowsky, 2011). Ultimately, understanding the relationship between Raven's and WMC has implications for how to formalize capacity limitations in complex inferential tasks in theories of human intelligence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working memory capacity and fluid abilities: the more difficult the item, the more more is better

2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The relationship between fluid intelligence and working memory is of fundamental importance to understanding how capacity-limited structures such as working memory interact with inference abilities to determine intelligent behavior. Recent evidence has suggested that the relationship between a fluid abilities test, Raven's Progressive Matrices, and working memory capacity (WMC) may be invariant across difficulty levels of the Raven's items. We show that this invariance can only be observed if the overall correlation between Raven's and WMC is low. Simulations of Raven's performance revealed that as the overall correlation between Raven's and WMC increases, the item-wise point bi-serial correlations involving WMC are no longer constant but increase considerably with item difficulty. The simulation results were confirmed by two studies that used a composite measure of WMC, which yielded a higher correlation between WMC and Raven's than reported in previous studies. As expected, with the higher overall correlation, there was a significant positive relationship between Raven's item difficulty and the extent of the item-wise correlation with WMC.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working memory capacity and fluid abilities: the more difficult the item, the more more is better

2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Predictions were generated by simulating 10,000 RTs for each item; details of the simulation method for each model are given in Fifić et al ( 2010 , pp. 311–317; numerical methods for generating model predictions are given in Little, 2012 ). The model fits for each subject in the upright and inverted conditions are shown in Table 3 and the parameters of the best fitting model are shown in Table 4 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Logical-rules and the classification of integral dimensions: individual differences in the processing of arbitrary dimensions

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A variety of converging operations demonstrate key differences between separable dimensions, which can be analyzed independently, and integral dimensions, which are processed in a non-analytic fashion. A recent investigation of response time distributions, applying a set of logical rule-based models, demonstrated that integral dimensions are pooled into a single coactive processing channel, in contrast to separable dimensions, which are processed in multiple, independent processing channels. This paper examines the claim that arbitrary dimensions created by factorially morphing four faces are processed in an integral manner. In two experiments, 16 participants completed a categorization task in which either upright or inverted morph stimuli were classified in a speeded fashion. Analyses focused on contrasting different assumptions about the psychological representation of the stimuli, perceptual and decisional separability, and the processing architecture. We report consistent individual differences which demonstrate a mixture of some observers who demonstrate coactive processing with other observers who process the dimensions in a parallel self-terminating manner.

show abstract

“…Another related goal was to put the Boolean map theory of visual attention (Huang & Pashler, 2007) under a rigorous scrutiny. The two aims have been accomplished through the application of the logical rule models of classification (Fifić & Little, 2017;Little, 2012;Little et al, 2011;Little et al, 2013;Moneer et al, 2016) to a categorization task with multiplecolor stimuli. The application has produced a wealth of qualitative and quantitative results at both the mean and the distributional levels of response times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The logical rule models approach Little, 2012;Little et al, 2011;Little et al, 2013) is employed here to assess fundamental information processing characteristics of multiple-color search. According to the Boolean map theory (Huang & Pashler, 2007), targets of different colors will be accessed one at a time.…”

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Can we perceive two colors at the same time? A direct test of Huang and Pashler’s (2007) Boolean map theory of visual attention

Fitousi

2019

Atten Percept Psychophys

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Can observers access two spatially separated color targets (e.g., red and green) at the same time (i.e., in parallel)? According to the Boolean map theory of visual attention (Huang & Pashler, Psychological Review, 114(3), 599-631, 2007), access to two different features that belong to the same dimension (e.g., red and green targets) is limited and therefore can be held only in a serial fashion. The current study proposes a strong test of the Boolean map theory of attention through the application of two of the most rigorous stochastic approaches to response times modeling-the system factorial technology (Townsend & Nozawa, 1995) and the logical rule models (Fifić, Little, & Nosofsky, Psychological Review, 117, 309-348, 2010). These approaches allowed identification of serial, parallel, and coactive architectures in the processing of multicolor targets. The results showed that multiple-color targets are processed serially when observers are required to process all the targets in the display (i.e., an exhaustive stopping rule), and in parallel or coactively when observers can terminate the search when one of the targets is found (i.e., self-terminating stopping rule). These results are generally inconsistent with predictions of the Boolean map theory. They highlight the role of stopping rules in multicolor visual search, as well as the flexibility of the attentional system in shifting between processing architectures.

show abstract

Numerical predictions for serial, parallel, and coactive logical rule-based models of categorization response time

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

Working memory capacity and fluid abilities: the more difficult the item, the more more is better

Working memory capacity and fluid abilities: the more difficult the item, the more more is better

Logical-rules and the classification of integral dimensions: individual differences in the processing of arbitrary dimensions

Can we perceive two colors at the same time? A direct test of Huang and Pashler’s (2007) Boolean map theory of visual attention

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About