Numerical simulation of coaxial electrohydrodynamic jet and printing nanoscale structures

Zhao, Xiaojun; Wang, Dazhi; Lin, Yigao; Sun, Yulin; Ren, Tongqun; Liang, Junsheng; Madou, Marc

doi:10.1007/s00542-019-04499-9

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…14 a depicts the creditability and correctness of simulated CE-Jet for the application of MEMS devices. Figure 15 demonstrates that phase field model results are in good relationship with experimental results and are optimized by Xiaojun et al 13 because this model use small values of voltage and inner flow rate to generate the CE-Jet morphology. The electric potential did not resolve governing equations properly and a simplified model is assumed throughout the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Subsequently, as the voltage increases further (more than 7.0 kV), the instability of multiple jets and even electric field breakdown may occur during phase field method. To verify results obtained from influencing parameters in the existing research model we compared the applied voltage values with some similar research works 13 , 16 , 28 . So, in this simulation work, applied voltage of 7.0 kV provides a subtle form of internal CE-Jet morphology.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, coaxial E-Jet printing 13 is a emergent technology for preparing micro/nanostructures using atomization process for the application in many fields i.e., micro-dispensing, optical devices, cell printing, tissue engineering and sensors 14 , 15 . The working principle of CE-Jet process is based on use of coaxial needles by regulating flow of inner and outer liquids from the syringe pump.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the ability of CFD model to predict output of composite structures was verified by an experimental study 23 . Xiaojun et al described a coaxial focused electrohydrodynamic jet (CFEJ) printing technique 24 and printing direct writing nanoscale structures 16 . Therefore, various phase-field studies are reported to be frequently used to improve stability of CE-Jet morphology and control influence of different parameters and properties of inner and outer solutions 17 , 25 – 29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical modeling and analysis of coaxial electrohydrodynamic jet printing

Wang

Abbas

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Coaxial electrohydrodynamic jet (CE-Jet) printing is an encouraging method for fabrication of high-resolution micro and nanostructures in MEMS systems. This paper presents a novel simulation work based on phase field method which is considered as a precise technique in fluid dynamics. The study explores influence of various parameters such as applied voltage, needle-substrate distance, dynamic viscosity, relative permittivity, needle size and flow rate on stability and resolution of CE-Jet morphologies. The morphology of CE-Jet exhibits that width of cone-jet profile and printed structures on substrate were directly proportional to relative permittivity and flow rate. In addition, it was inversely proportional to dynamic viscosity and applied voltage. The study examine that CE-Jet length of inner liquid is inversely proportional to needle-substrate distance in same time. It was later verified in experimental study by producing stable CE-Jet morphology with 300 μm diameter using optimized parameters (i.e., DC voltage 7.0 kV and inner liquid flow rate 400 nl/min) as compared to other validation studies such as 400 μm and 500 μm. The CE-Jet printing technique investigates significant changes in consistency and stability of CE-Jet morphologies and makes Jet unique and comparable when adjustment accuracy reaches 0.01 mm. PZT sol line structures with a diameter of 1 µm were printed directly on substrate using inner needle (diameter of 120 µm). Therefore, it is considered as a powerful tool for nano constructs production in M/NEMS devices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical modeling and analysis of coaxial electrohydrodynamic jet printing

Wang

Abbas

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…During the Cahn–Hilliard potential, the physical parameters, namely, σ and ε, are imposed separately. The functional fluids, namely, liquid and gas, are taken into account as a single efficient unit in order to trace the two-phase interface at the needle apex using the phase-field approach [ 35 ]. The significant fluid characteristics are shown in Equation (15).…”

Section: Computer Simulation and Experimentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and Printing of Microdroplets Using Straight Electrode-Based Electrohydrodynamic Jet for Flexible Substrate

Wang

Abbas

et al. 2022

Micromachines

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Electrohydrodynamic jet (e-jet) printing is a modern and decent fabrication method widely used to print high-resolution versatile microstructures with features down to 10 μm. It is currently difficult to break nanoscale resolution (<100 nm) due to limitations of fluid properties, voltage variations, and needle shapes. This paper presents developments in drop-on-demand e-jet printing based on a phase-field method using a novel combined needle and straight electrode to print on a flexible PET substrate. Initially, the simulation was performed to form a stable cone jet by coupling an innovative straight electrode parallel to a combined needle that directs the generation of droplets at optimized parameters, such as f = 8.6 × 10−10 m3s−1, Vn = 9.0 kV, and Vs = 4.5 kV. Subsequently, printing experiments were performed using optimized processing parameters and all similar simulation conditions. Microdroplets smaller than 13 μm were directly printed on PET substrate. The model is considered unique and powerful for printing versatile microstructures on polymeric substrates. The presented method is useful for MEMS technology to fabricate various devices, such as accelerometers, smartphones, gyroscopes, sensors, and actuators.

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