Numerical Simulation of Dispersed Particle-Blood Flow in the Stenosed Coronary Arteries

Objective. Femoropopliteal bypass is indicated in the advanced stage of peripheral arterial occlusive disease. The indications for surgical treatment are determined on the basis of a clinical exam, "ankle-brachial index" and angiographic findings. Using the finite element analysis method, three-dimensional models can be made based on angiography, and these models can be used to measure different physical quantities and calculate the value of the "ankle-brachial index". The aim of this paper is to show the hemodynamics of arteries by using the finite element analysis method based on preoperative and postoperative angiography, as well as physical quantities that can be measured in this way. Methods. This case shows the hemodynamics of femoropopliteal bypass in the preoperative and postoperative models. The models obtained by finite element analysis show: pressure, shear stress, velocities, and streamlines. The pressure, i.e. the "ankle-brachial index", was compared with the values measured on the patient, while the other three values were compared preoperatively and postoperatively. Results. Postoperatively, higher values of pressure and "ankle-brachial index" were measured on the patient and on the models. Wall shear stress and velocity values were reduced in postoperative models. The streamlines showed a dominant anterior tibial artery. Conclusion. The values of physical quantities measured on patient and on the models obtained by the finite element analysis method correlate significantly. Some physical quantities could indicate the "weak points" of a particular model.

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Section: дискусијаunclassified

Haemodynamics of femoropopliteal bypass surgery using finite element analysis method

Sekulic¹,

Tomic²,

Milašinović³

et al. 2021

Medicinski časopis

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“…Cilla et al 24 mathematically studied the atheroma plaque formation and development in coronary arteries by using Navier–Stokes equations and Darcy’s law for fluid dynamics, convection–diffusion–reaction equations for modeling the mass balance in the lumen and intima. Kaewbumrung et al 25 investigated the dispersed particle-blood flow in the stenosed coronary artery. Their results predicted that the higher level of bio-particle motion directly changed with the pressure drop and wall shear stress and the area of coronary artery with higher density of bio-particles also presented the higher wall shear stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical study of the effect of hemodynamic variables on LDL concentration through the single layer of the Left Anterior Descending coronary artery (LAD) under the heart pulse

Biglarian

Seyedhossein

Firoozabadi

et al. 2022

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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Heart attack is one of the most common causes of death in the world. Coronary artery disease is the most recognized cause of heart attack whose onset and progression have been attributed to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) passing through the wall of the artery. In this paper, hemodynamic variables as well as the concentration of LDL through the coronary porous artery at the Left Anterior Descending coronary artery (LAD), and its first diagonal branch (D1) under the heart motion investigated using computational simulation. The geometry that has been studied in this paper is the first bifurcation of Left Anterior Descending (LAD) that has been placed on a perimeter of hypothetical sphere representative of the heart geometry. Sinusoidal variations of sphere radii, simulated pulsating movement of the heart. Blood has been considered as a Newtonian and incompressible flow with pulsatile flow rate and real physiological profile. The plasma filtration boundary condition used over the walls in order to simulate the concentration of LDL to a one-layer artery wall. Variations in the concentration of LDL on the artery wall and its relation to oscillation on shear stress on the artery wall under different conditions are presented. Moreover, the effects of the pulsating inlet flow and dynamic movement of the artery are explored. The results declared that minimum shear stress and maximum LDL concentration take place at the bifurcation and on the myocardial wall which is in complete agreement with clinical studies. Furthermore, it has been shown that the heart pulse has a slight effect on the average time of concentration (0.1% increase); however, by analyzing all time steps, one could observe that the maximum concentration rises in some time steps; where this increases the possibility of LDL presence and helps them diffuse inside the artery wall.

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“…Thongsri et al [7–9] used the CFD to simulate airflow and contaminated particle pathlines in various industrial machines at factories to find the best condition in decontaminating particles from manufacturing. Kaewbumrung et al [10] used the CFD to simulate drug particle flow in the blood system. They reported that the quantity of drugs affected both pressure and wall shear stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Small-Volume Jet Nebulizer Based on CFD Simulation and Its Clinical Outcomes in Small Asthmatic Children

Santati

Thongsri

Sarntima

2019

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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The small-volume jet nebulizer (SVJN) is an aerosol device used to treat respiratory illnesses. Major problems for aerosol treatment in small children include the penetration of particles to the lower lungs due to irregular and small volume of a child patient’s breath while the nebulizers used are the same models intended for adults. This adult SVJN produces a huge number of particles at a higher speed than small children can intake. To solve this problem, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to redesign the device by adding 6-inch corrugated tube with 80 ml capacity (equal to one inhale capacity of a small child) into the traditional SVJN. Results revealed that the undulations of the corrugated tube were the important parts that change the direction of aerosol flow, slowing down the produced speed of aerosol up to 31.48% (mean speed = 0.37 m/s via modified SVJN vs 0.54 m/s via traditional which were close to measured results). The modified SVJN was tested for the effectiveness on how it could accommodate bronchodilator drug to the lower lungs by 3 clinical researches with 238 asthmatic children aged 1–5 years. The results revealed that the experimental group reported higher bronchodilatating effects: higher mean score of change in oxygen saturation and degree of wheezing and greater reduction in respiratory rate per minute than the control group with statistical difference (p<0.05). Meanwhile, heart rate and physical attributes (dead volume and duration of aerosol treatment) were indifferent. Moreover, small children showed more acceptance behavior towards this modified SVJN than the traditional one. Modified SVJN might be a good choice for aerosol treatment in small children because it slows down the speed of aerosol production, makes them well spread all over the reservoir, and is ready for small children to inhale for better clinical outcomes while physical attributes are the same.

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Numerical Simulation of Dispersed Particle-Blood Flow in the Stenosed Coronary Arteries

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Haemodynamics of femoropopliteal bypass surgery using finite element analysis method

Haemodynamics of femoropopliteal bypass surgery using finite element analysis method

Numerical study of the effect of hemodynamic variables on LDL concentration through the single layer of the Left Anterior Descending coronary artery (LAD) under the heart pulse

Modified Small-Volume Jet Nebulizer Based on CFD Simulation and Its Clinical Outcomes in Small Asthmatic Children

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