Numerical Simulation of the Limit Non-Linear Behaviour of Unreinforced Stone Masonry Under in-Plane State of Stress From Gravitational and Seismic Actions

Manos, George C.; Kotoulas, Lambros; Soulis, V.; Felekidou, O.

doi:10.7712/120115.3409.789

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The largest values of tensile stress S11 (3.46 MPa, Figure 28b) develop at the bottom fibre of the crown of the arch. This is a relatively large tensile stress value that is expected to exceed the tensile capacity of the stone masonry of this bridge [16]. The largest value of tensile stress S22 (1.5 1 MPa, Figure 28f) develops at the area where the primary arch joins the foundation block.…”

Section: Simplified Dynamic Spectral Numerical Simulation Of the Seismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both these remarks indicate locations of distress for this stone-masonry bridge predicting in this way the appearance of structural damage. On the contrary, the largest value of compression stress equal to S11 = −4.3 MPa (Figure 28d, for combination 7) is expected to be easily met by the compression capacity of the stone masonry for this bridge [16]. Structural Bridge Engineering…”

Section: Simplified Dynamic Spectral Numerical Simulation Of the Seismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Structural Performance of Stone-Masonry Bridges

Manos¹,

Simos²,

Kozikopoulos³

2016

Structural Bridge Engineering

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The structural performance of old stone-masonry bridges is examined by studying such structures located at the North-West of Greece, declared cultural heritage structures. A discussion of their structural system is included, which is linked with specific construction details. The dynamic characteristics of four stone bridges, obtained by temporary in situ instrumentation, are presented together with the mechanical properties of their masonry constituents. The basic assumptions of relatively simple three-dimensional (3-D) numerical simulations of the dynamic response of such old stone bridges are discussed based on all selected information. The results of these numerical simulations are presented and compared with the measured response obtained from the in situ experimental campaigns. The seismic response of one such bridge is studied subsequently in some detail as predicted from the linear numerical simulations under combined dead load and seismic action. The performance of the same bridge is also examined applying 3-D non-linear numerical simulations with the results used to discuss the structural performance of stone-masonry bridges that either collapsed or may be vulnerable to future structural failure. Issues that influence the structural integrity of such bridges are discussed combined with the results of the numerical and in situ investigation. Finally, a brief discussion of maintenance issues is also presented.

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Section: Simplified Dynamic Spectral Numerical Simulation Of the Seismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simplified Dynamic Spectral Numerical Simulation Of the Seismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Structural Performance of Stone-Masonry Bridges

Manos¹,

Simos²,

Kozikopoulos³

2016

Structural Bridge Engineering

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“…Numerical studies of bridges and other stone and concrete structures of historical value have been performed in [8][9][10][11][12]. In these studies numerical techniques addressing the interaction of mortar and stone blocks or block-block non-linear contact were also explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drosopoulos [9] and co-workers studied the ultimate failure load of stone arch bridges based on 2-D, plane strain finite element analysis which included interfaces, simulation of cracks, unilateral friction contacts and the implementation of a pathfollowing technique to estimate the ultimate load. Studies of other important masonry stone structures throughout Greece and relevant data bases are presented in [10][11][12]. Roman bridges are discussed in [13] and stone masonry bridges around Greece in [14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Assessment of the Plaka Bridge Collapse Using Non-Linear Analysis Preventable or Doomed?

Simos¹,

Manos²,

Kozikopoulos³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (COM

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The collapse of the historic Plaka Stone Bridge due to extreme flooding and in particular the pinpointing of the causes or possibly weak structural points that led to the structural failure is studied using high fidelity, three-dimensional non-linear numerical analysis and sensitivity studies. Specifically, the potential of a number of postulated scenarios in initiating failure and leading to the eventual collapse of the bridge are explored aided by sensitivity analyses relying on non-linear finite element modelling and is augmented by actual material properties of the structural elements deduced from laboratory tests following the collapse (i.e. stone and mortar). Presented in detail is the scenario which appears to closely replicate the mode of actual bridge failure observed (damage extend and debris distribution) and deemed by the authors to be most likely sequence of events that occurred. This scenario postulates the undermining of the central pier by support or shear section failure leading to large deformation and displacements on the lower part of the pier eventually leading to shear failure of the primary arch. Based on the failure mode predicted by simulation and corroborated with observed damage the vulnerability of the Plaka Bridge to this "beyond design basis event" even for an uncompromised structure is assessed by asking the question whether any preventive maintenance and upkeep could have saved this particular bridge or that its collapse was beyond human intervention.

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“…Numerical studies that involved relatively complex non-linear analyses were performed by the authors [24] as well as by other researchers in the past [16], [17], [18]. Such analyses try to numerically simulate the various non-linear mechanisms that are expected to develop at this type of stone masonry structures when subjected to intense earthquake ground motions [15], [25]. The simplified numerical analysis presented here, is not capable to simulate such nonlinear mechanisms.…”

Section: Dead Load + Eymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic and Seismic Behaviour of Stone Masonry Arch Bridges in Greece Utilising in-Situ Measurements and Numerical Predictions

Manos¹,

Simos²,

Lambri-Gaitana³

2019

Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (COM

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Stone masonry arch bridges used to be a very important part of the transportation system of the numerous communities living at the mountainous regions of Greece. The wide spread use of car transport after the mid-twentieth century dictated the construction of modern reinforced concrete bridges as part of a new road network. However, a new interest was generated in these structures that have the status of cultural heritage in need of preservation. The present study presents a series of in-situ measurements conducted at selected old stone masonry bridges, using up-to-date system identification techniques, in an effort to identify their dynamic characteristics in terms of eigen-frequencies, eigen-modes and damping properties. All these information is part of a data base that can be used in the future as a reference for identifying noticeable changes in these dynamic characteristics as part of a structural health monitoring effort for these bridges. Moreover, this information provides a basis for building realistic numerical simulations towards studying the structural behaviour of such stone masonry bridges and assessing their expected structural behaviour in extreme future seismic events. Selected in-situ measurements are presented together with their use in building numerical models of various levels of complexity. These numerical models are finally utilized in assessing the expected performance of specific case studies of stone masonry bridge structures in Greece towards meeting the demands of extreme events that include design earthquake loads. The described system identification technique can also be linked to specific actions, such as earthquake activity, and thus serve as warning for specific maintenance countermeasures. 282 COMPDYN 2019 7 th ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering M. Papadrakakis, M. Fragiadakis (eds.

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Numerical Simulation of the Limit Non-Linear Behaviour of Unreinforced Stone Masonry Under in-Plane State of Stress From Gravitational and Seismic Actions

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

The Structural Performance of Stone-Masonry Bridges

The Structural Performance of Stone-Masonry Bridges

On the Assessment of the Plaka Bridge Collapse Using Non-Linear Analysis Preventable or Doomed?

Dynamic and Seismic Behaviour of Stone Masonry Arch Bridges in Greece Utilising in-Situ Measurements and Numerical Predictions

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