Numerical Simulation of Ultrasonic Pile Integrity Testing

Lozovsky, I. N.; Zhostkov, R. A.; Churkin, A. A.

doi:10.1134/s1061830920010064

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The physical properties of the materials specified in numerical models-density, pressure, shear wave speeds, and damping coefficients α and β of the Rayleigh attenuation model [43][44][45][46]-are given in Table 1. The surrounding medium for the piles was modeled as dry sand.…”

Section: Numerical Simulation Of Low Strain Testing Of Driven Precast...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelet Analysis for Evaluating the Length of Precast Spliced Piles Using Low Strain Integrity Testing

et al. 2022

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The difficulties with the application of low strain integrity testing for evaluating the length of driven precast piles of two sections justify the need for new data acquisition and analysis techniques. The standard time domain analysis of the recorded signals may not allow for distinguishing the desired responses from a pile toe and a splice. In this paper, we propose the use of a set of hammers of different weights and tip materials that will provide various sensitivities of the test to a pile splice. To further analyze the collected data, we study the distributions of phase angles obtained using complex continuous wavelet transform. The characteristic phase shifts that distribute from higher to lower frequencies can be interpreted as responses from a pile toe and a splice. To verify the proposed approaches, a series of numerical simulations were performed using the finite element method for the driven pile models with the different properties of a splice zone. Numerical simulation results show that the pile splices are clearly identified when using the shorter input pulses which can be generated by light hammers with a hard head material. The total length of a simulated pile with a 1 mm air gap between sections was undetectable by standard data analysis approaches and was evaluated when analyzing the wavelet phase angle distributions. Numerically validated data acquisition and analysis techniques were applied to field data analysis and allowed us to confidently identify the length of two-section piles grouped with a pile cap.

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Section: Numerical Simulation Of Low Strain Testing Of Driven Precast...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelet Analysis for Evaluating the Length of Precast Spliced Piles Using Low Strain Integrity Testing

et al. 2022

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“…In the case of the sonic echo technique, research has been conducted on estimating the pile length [13][14][15] and assessing defects in the pile (size and location) [10,16]. Additionally, there are methods such as ultra-sonic echo for evaluating cavities within the pile using ultrasound as the input wave [11,17]. Impulse response techniques have been applied to research on evaluating pile length [13,15,18,19], as well as assessing the size and location of defects in the pile [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Destructive Evaluation of Material Stiffness beneath Pile Foundations Tip Using Harmonic Wavelet Transform

Oh,

Park,

Park

2024

Buildings

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Pile foundations are used to support superstructures and play an important role in the safety of these structures. The performance of pile foundations generally depends on the conditions of the pile itself and the material under the pile, especially for end-bearing piles installed in soft soil volumes. Therefore, to assess the performance of existing pile foundations, it is crucial not only to evaluate the structural integrity of the pile itself, but also to assess the ground conditions, such as subsoil stiffness beneath the pile foundation. Accessing the subsoil beneath the pile foundation is highly challenging in the field. Hence, there is a need for the development of non-destructive pile evaluation methods that allow the assessment of subsoil stiffness beneath the pile without direct access to the subsoil. Various non-destructive methods have been developed for pile performance assessment. However, these conventional non-destructive methods are primarily designed for assessing the structural integrity of the pile itself, and there are no existing non-destructive pile integrity testing methods applicable to evaluate the subsoil stiffness beneath the pile tip. In this study, a non-destructive method is developed to evaluate the subsurface soil stiffness beneath pile without direct access. The proposed method involves applying impact loading to the easily accessible pile head and measuring the elastic waves propagated within the pile foundation due to the impact loading. These wave signals are then recorded at the pile head. The measured time–history signals are decomposed using harmonic wavelet transform. This allows the obtainment of well-defined magnitude and phase information over time for various individual frequency components composing the wave. In this study, a method is proposed to assess the stiffness of the subsoil beneath the pile by simultaneously utilizing the magnitude and phase information of the measured signals obtained through harmonic wavelet transform. To facilitate this, a step-by-step data analysis procedure for evaluating the subsoil stiffness beneath the pile is introduced. To validate the proposed method, numerical simulations were conducted using ABAQUS. The experimental data obtained from the numerical simulations were processed using the proposed method to assess the subsoil stiffness beneath the pile. The determined subsoil stiffness was then compared with the exact soil stiffness used in the numerical simulation to evaluate the validity of the proposed method. Through this analysis, the proposed method demonstrated its effectiveness in assessing the subsoil stiffness beneath piles installed in weak soil volume.

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“…Therefore, it is imperative to employ non-destructive testing techniques capable of thoroughly assessing the structural integrity of deep foundation elements [1][2][3]. These techniques rely on various physical phenomena, such as ultrasound propagation [4][5][6][7], low-frequency acoustic waves [8,9], heat transfer [10,11], and others. Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In certain cases, current approaches to CSL data analysis may struggle to distinguish ultrasonic anomalies caused by defects and other factors unrelated to concrete quality [16]. These approaches also offer limited capabilities for evaluating the strength of concrete and identified defects [4]. Additionally, the effectiveness of current CSL data analysis techniques can be compromised by diverse sources of errors [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral analysis of cross-hole sonic logging data for pile integrity assessment

Lozovsky,

Churkin

2024

Res. Eng. Struct. Mat.

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Ensuring the safety of foundations requires advanced non-destructive testing techniques. Cross-hole sonic logging (CSL) is a widely adopted method for evaluating the integrity of deep foundation elements, such as bored piles, barrettes, and diaphragm walls. This method involves analyzing the propagation time and relative energy of ultrasonic pulses transmitted and registered by probes inserted into pre-installed access tubes. However, in certain cases, standard analyses may not effectively distinguish anomalous signals arising from defects and other factors unrelated to concrete quality. Our study explores the potential of an alternative frequency-domain approach for CSL data analysis. We propose new attributes to quantify ultrasonic signal spectra, including spectrum area, normalized spectrum area, weighted mean frequency, and maximum frequency. These attributes are automatically calculated, eliminating the need for additional data processing time and minimizing the risk of human error. The proposed approach was applied to CSL data collected from two bored piles of 46 m length and successfully identified signals classified as anomalous through standard time-domain analysis. Further research is deemed necessary to fully explore the potential of the frequency-domain approach in enhancing the information content and reliability of CSL pile integrity testing

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Numerical Simulation of Ultrasonic Pile Integrity Testing

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Wavelet Analysis for Evaluating the Length of Precast Spliced Piles Using Low Strain Integrity Testing

Wavelet Analysis for Evaluating the Length of Precast Spliced Piles Using Low Strain Integrity Testing

Non-Destructive Evaluation of Material Stiffness beneath Pile Foundations Tip Using Harmonic Wavelet Transform

Spectral analysis of cross-hole sonic logging data for pile integrity assessment

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