This paper deals with a mathematical and numerical investigation of double-diffusive natural convective heat and mass transfer in a cavity filled with Newtonian fluid with significant density and mass diffusivity changes. In such a situation, the assumption of the Boussinesq approximation is not justified, and an appropriate model based on a set of Low Mach Number equations is used. The active parts of two vertical walls of the cavity are maintained at fixed but different temperatures and concentrations, while the other two walls, as well as inactive areas of the sidewalls, are considered to be adiabatic and impermeable to mass transfer. The coupled momentum, energy, and solute transfer equations in binary mixtures of ideal gases are solved through a global iterative procedure based on the finite volume methods in the context of the low Mach number approximation. The study includes the effect of the buoyancy ratio N with the aim to find its application limit in the Boussinesq conditions. The results show that if we use the Boussinesq approximation to study double-diffusive convection, the value of parameter N must be between À6 and 27.M à þC10ð1ÀM Ã Þ kinematic viscosity, m 2 =s P ¼ðp À p þ q 0 gyÞ=q 0 ða 0 =HÞ 2 dimensionless dynamic pressure