Numerical study of novel liquid-cooled thermal management system for cylindrical Li-ion battery packs under high discharge rate based on AgO nanofluid and copper sheath

Tousi, Mahdi; Sarchami, Amirhosein; Kiani, Mehrdad T.; Najafi, Mohammad; Houshfar, Ehsan

doi:10.1016/j.est.2021.102910

Cited by 101 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This is also how many other works calculate the heat generation rate in a thermal model at the battery module/pack level. [ 6,20,30,31,35,38,54,55 ] It is clearly seen that the temperature measured experimentally fits better with the simulation results when using the state‐dependent parameters. This may be due to the fact that the internal resistance given in the datasheet is most likely measured at room temperature, but the initial and inlet temperature of the coolant is set to 12 °C here.…”

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 75%

An Integrated Flow–Electric–Thermal Model for a Cylindrical Li‐Ion Battery Module with a Direct Liquid Cooling Strategy

et al. 2022

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Lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) are on their way to becoming a dominating energy storage technology, especially for application in electric vehicles, [1,2] due to their excellent performance in terms of combinations of energy density, power capability, energy efficiency, and cycle life. In recent decades, there have been plenty of investigations, both using experimental measurements [3][4][5] and simulations, [6][7][8][9] aiming to improve the safety, energy, and power of LiBs. This has led to a consensus that the performance of LiBs is largely dependent on their operational temperature, [10][11][12][13][14] explaining the growing interest in thermal control of LiBs, both at the cell and system level and to increased efforts in coupled thermal and electrochemical modeling of cell behavior. [15][16][17][18][19] However, most of the existing coupled thermal and electrochemical models are either built on the single-cell level, which is not applicable in the investigation of the effect of the battery module design. Alternatively, they are built based on the most simply operational air-cooling system. The aim of the present study is, therefore, to establish an integrated model at the battery module level, which can take into account the simultaneous and interdependent thermal behavior of different cells and the effects from relevant multi-physical fields caused by different cooling strategies, incorporating fluid flow and heat transfer across both fluid and solid domains.Since the thermal behavior of the batteries/module is determined by the balance between heat generation and dispassion rate, the first step to building a convincing integrated model is to understand the heat generation within the battery, i.e., to build a precise thermal model. The existing thermal models for LiBs can be classified into lumped-parameter models, [20] electric-thermal models, [6,21] electrochemical-thermal models, [22,23] and thermal runaway models. [24,25] Among these, the electrochemical-thermal model can provide the most detailed information on the battery physics, which makes it possible to extract heat generated from different components, [26] making it favorable from a battery design point of view. For example, Kim et al. discussed the impact of geometry and position of the tabs on the temperature gradient in an operated battery, [27] while Lee et al. [28] found that the heat

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Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 75%

An Integrated Flow–Electric–Thermal Model for a Cylindrical Li‐Ion Battery Module with a Direct Liquid Cooling Strategy

et al. 2022

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“…Because of the complex structure of the liquid cooling system, it is difficult to be compatible with lightweight of EVs. Furthermore, it has high requirements for the tightness of the cooling system and needs a hydraulic pump which will lead to additional energy consumption 20,21 . PCM cooling is to use PCM to absorb a large amount of latent heat in the process of solid–liquid transformation to dissipate heat for battery 22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooling characteristics of a lithium‐ion battery module based on flat aluminum heat pipe by considering thermal radiation

Liu

Bao

Cheng

et al. 2023

Energy Science & Engineering

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Aiming at the thermal safety and inconsistency caused by the high temperature of lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery, a cooling structure embedded with a flat aluminum heat pipe (FAHP) for a Li-ion battery module is proposed. The three-dimensional thermal model of the FAHP module is established by considering regionalized thermal radiation. The thermal characteristics of the module are compared with four progressive cooling schemes, and the temperature performance affected by different convection (h conv ) and radiation (h rad ) heat transfer coefficients are analyzed. Resultsshow that, the thermal model with the thermal radiation is more precise than that without the thermal radiation under the natural convection. Adding FAHPs can effectively reduce the maximum temperature (T max ) and the maximum temperature difference (ΔT max,pack ) of the FAHP module. Especially adding FAHPs with fins, even at 3C discharging, the average cooling performance can be improved by 33.3%, 25.0%, and 14.4% than that of natural convection, aluminum plates sandwiched between cells and FAHPs with no fins, respectively. Meanwhile, the decrease in rates of T max and ΔT max,pack are gradually increasing with the increasing of h rad , but decreased with the increasing of hthe average ratio of radiation heat dissipation to total heat dissipation (η) is 35.7%, but when h conv > 55 W•m −2 •K −1 , η is less than 1.5%.

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“…As shown in Table 1, the effective radial thermal conductivity found in literature varies between 0.15 and 2.59 Wm −1 •K −1 . Using the data found in the references [8,[10][11][12][13], for the radial thermal conductivity for 18650 cells, a standard deviation of 1.61 Wm −1 •K −1 can be calculated, which can be considered very high, especially compared to the actual measured values. Therefore, this paper's objective is to analyze the experimental process and to identify reasons why these deviations in the radial thermal conductivity occur when the pipe method is used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radial Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries—An Uncertainty Study of the Pipe Method

et al. 2022

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A typical method for measuring the radial thermal conductivity of cylindrical objects is the pipe method. This method introduces a heating wire in combination with standard thermocouples and optical Fiber Bragg grating temperature sensors into the core of a cell. This experimental method can lead to high uncertainties due to the slightly varying setup for each measurement and the non-homogenous structure of the cell. Due to the lack of equipment on the market, researchers have to resort to such experimental methods. To verify the measurement uncertainties and to show the possible range of results, an additional method is introduced. In this second method the cell is disassembled, and the thermal conductivity of each cell component is calculated based on measurements with the laser flash method and differential scanning calorimetry. Those results are used to numerically calculate thermal conductivity and to parameterize a finite element model. With this model, the uncertainties and problems inherent in the pipe method for cylindrical cells were shown. The surprising result was that uncertainties of up to 25% arise, just from incorrect assumption about the sensor position. Furthermore, the change in radial thermal conductivity at different states of charge (SOC) was measured with fully functional cells using the pipe method.

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Numerical study of novel liquid-cooled thermal management system for cylindrical Li-ion battery packs under high discharge rate based on AgO nanofluid and copper sheath

Cited by 101 publications

References 44 publications

An Integrated Flow–Electric–Thermal Model for a Cylindrical Li‐Ion Battery Module with a Direct Liquid Cooling Strategy

An Integrated Flow–Electric–Thermal Model for a Cylindrical Li‐Ion Battery Module with a Direct Liquid Cooling Strategy

Cooling characteristics of a lithium‐ion battery module based on flat aluminum heat pipe by considering thermal radiation

Radial Thermal Conductivity Measurements of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries—An Uncertainty Study of the Pipe Method

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