Numerical Study on Flow, Temperature, and Concentration Distribution Features of Combined Gas and Bottom-Electromagnetic Stirring in a Ladle

Li, Yang; Deng, Anyuan; Li, Huan; Yang, Bin; Wang, Engang

doi:10.3390/met8010076

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The analysis of the harmonic electromagnetic field including the distribution of Lorentz force, magnetic flux density, and induced current density is obtained by solving the Maxwell equations and constitutive equations [25], and they can be rewritten as follows:…”

Section: Electromagnetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid Flow, Solidification and Solute Transport in Slab Continuous Casting with Different S-EMS Installation Positions

Liu,

Zhang,

Zeng

et al. 2024

Metals

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During continuous slab casting, strand electromagnetic stirring (S-EMS) has a significant effect on improving the slab quality. In the current work, a numerical model based on the practical slab continuous casting machine and coupled electromagnetic field, flow field, solidification, and solute transport was established to investigate and evaluate the effect of the S-EMS installation position with various current intensities on metallurgical behavior. The model was verified by magnetic field measurement, infrared camera, and nail shooting experiments. The results show that moving the S-EMS installation position to the solidification end reduces the stirring effect due to the skin effect and the increasing thickness of the slab shell. A higher installation position is beneficial for improving the equiaxed grain rate, while a lower one is beneficial for reducing carbon segregation. The maximum segregation index and range decrease from 1.26 to 1.2 and from 0.42 to 0.36 with the installation position being decreased from −3 m to −12.8 m, respectively. The industrial trials show that S-EMS installed at 3 m has a significant effect on expanding the equiaxed grain zone and a deteriorating effect on reducing carbon segregation.

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Section: Electromagnetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid Flow, Solidification and Solute Transport in Slab Continuous Casting with Different S-EMS Installation Positions

Liu,

Zhang,

Zeng

et al. 2024

Metals

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“…The argon flow rates in the water model were calculated according to Equation (9), which were about 100-160 L/h. Since the flow rate of water is equal to the flow rate of liquid steel, the water flow was calculated according to Equation (10). In order to analyze the effects of the argon flow rate and casting speed on the argon bubble behavior in the nozzle, the experimental scheme is shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Experimental Schemementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive studies [6][7][8] focusing on this technology have been conducted. The effect of argon gas on the flow of molten steel and slag entrapment in mold was revealed during the continuous casting process [9][10][11]. The theoretical results of Thomas [12] indicated that the argon bubbles in the nozzle during argon blowing could change the flow of the upper recirculation zone…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior Characteristics of Argon Bubbles on Inner Surface of Upper Tundish Nozzle during Argon Blowing Process

Cheng

Yang

et al. 2018

Metals

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During continuous casting of aluminum-killed steel, clogging of tundish nozzle frequently occurs, which seriously disrupts the normal casting sequences and deteriorates strand quality. Generally, argon blowing technology in the form of a stable and continuous argon film on the inner surface of the upper nozzle is employed to prevent the upper nozzle from clogging in the production. To explore the formation mechanism and influence factors of this argon film, a water model of the upper nozzle with blowing argon with a similarity ratio of 1:1 was built. The results show that the number of bubble chains increases gradually with increasing argon flow rate and casting speed, and the argon gas curtain appears at the bottom half of the upper nozzle. For a given argon flow rate, the velocity of argon gas bubbles increased gradually with increasing casting speed, and decreased gradually with increasing distance from the upper nozzle top. For a given casting speed, the average velocity of argon gas bubbles was largest at a distance from the upper nozzle top of 6 mm with argon flow rate of 150 L/h. The results could provide theoretical and technical basis for the optimization of blowing argon parameters in order to prevent the clogging of upper nozzle and improve strand quality.

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“…Also, Sand et al [6] discovered that the combined method of side-traveling electromagnetic stirring (EMS) and argon blowing stirring is useful for reducing the fluctuation and deformation of free surface. Moreover, Li et al [7] reported that the combined method of bottom-rotating EMS and argon blowing stirring promotes the scatter of bubbles and reduces the impingement of bubbles on the slag layer in the process of ladle refining. These above-mentioned methods mainly adopted static magnetic field or low-frequency magnetic field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibiting bulging deformation of liquid metal free surface by magnetic pressure

Deng

Yang

et al. 2020

J. Iron Steel Res. Int.

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A new method was presented to inhibit bulging deformation and fluctuation of free surface by magnetic pressure. A research combined with numerical and experimental methods was conducted to investigate the feasibility and inhibition efficiency. The parameters including magnetic flux density, frequency and action area of magnetic pressure were analyzed. The results show that the method is feasible, and the bulged free surface is fully inhibited by the proper magnetic pressure. The inhibition efficiency increases as the increase in magnetic flux density and frequency, which shows a linear relationship with the magnetic flux density. The frequency has a great influence on the inhibition efficiency when the frequency is changed from 0.15 to 5.00 kHz. However, the frequency more than 5.00 kHz has little influence on the inhibition efficiency and is recommended in application process. When the ratio of the action area to the area of bulged free surface is 0.8, the best inhibition is achieved. However, when the ratio is more than 1.2, a distinct W-shaped free surface is observed. The surficial and internal flow is strengthened with proper magnetic pressure imposed. Moreover, under the action of magnetic pressure, the fluctuation amplitude of free surface decreases from 4.0 to 1.2 mm and the main fluctuation with frequency of 2.34 Hz is dispersed into several minor fluctuations with frequency of 0.4-4.3 Hz.

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Numerical Study on Flow, Temperature, and Concentration Distribution Features of Combined Gas and Bottom-Electromagnetic Stirring in a Ladle

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Fluid Flow, Solidification and Solute Transport in Slab Continuous Casting with Different S-EMS Installation Positions

Fluid Flow, Solidification and Solute Transport in Slab Continuous Casting with Different S-EMS Installation Positions

Behavior Characteristics of Argon Bubbles on Inner Surface of Upper Tundish Nozzle during Argon Blowing Process

Inhibiting bulging deformation of liquid metal free surface by magnetic pressure

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