Numerical study on the elastic buckling of cross-laminated timber walls subject to compression

Pina, Juan Carlos; Flores, Erick I. Saavedra; Saavedra, Karin

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.12.013

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the following subsections, the influence of various meso-structural features on the predicted effective hygro-elastic properties of hardwood is investigated, whereby these effective macroscopic properties have been computed according to relation (15). The response of meso-structures that possess rays with different degrees of eccentricity is analyzed in Sect.…”

Section: Geometrical Features and Materials Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…with the x-and y-and z-directions reflecting the radial (R), tangential (T) and longitudinal (L) material directions of wood. Equation (15) shows that the in-plane stiffness propertiesS x x x x ,S yyyy ,S xxyy , andS yyx x are dependent on the out-of-plane elastic modulusĒ z and Poisson's ratiosν xz andν yz . For spruce softwood, however, the values experimentally measured forν xz andν yz are typically very small and lie between 0.014 and 0.035 [6,20,48,49].…”

Section: Determination Of the Representative Unit Cell Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A detailed modeling of the mechanical, hygro-expansive behavior of wood in such applications requires the incorporation of the characteristics and diversity of the underlying material structure and thus should be based on a multi-scale approach. In the literature, most multi-scale models for wood focus on the mechanical behavior of softwood, thereby considering two-dimensional [4,[12][13][14][15][16] and three-dimensional [17,18] representations of the hierarchical material structure. The length scales included in these models may range from the scale at which micro-fibrils can be identified to that of the annual growth rings, whereby the effective material properties are calculated by means of analytical and/or computational homogenization techniques, see [19] for a comprehensive overview.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Influence of morphology on the effective hygro-elastic properties of softwood (spruce) and hardwood (balsa)

2021

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Wood materials are characterized by complex, hierarchical material structures spanning across various length scales. The present work aims at establishing a relation between the hygro-elastic properties at the mesoscopic cellular level and the effective material response at the macroscopic level, both for softwood (spruce) and hardwood (balsa). The particular aim is to explore the influence on the effective hygro-elastic properties under variations in the meso-scale morphology. The multi-scale framework applied for this purpose uses the method of asymptotic homogenization, which allows to accurately and efficiently obtain the effective response of heterogeneous materials characterized by complex meso-structural geometries. The meso-structural model considered for softwood is based on a periodic, two-dimensional statistically representative volume element that is generated by a spatial repetition of tracheid cells. The tracheid cells are modeled as hexagonal elements characterized by a certain geometrical irregularity. The hardwood meso-structure consists of a region composed of hexagonal cellular fibers with large vessels embedded, which is connected to a ray region that is constructed of ray cells. The hardwood fibers are modeled as hexagonal cellular elements, similar to softwood tracheids. The rays are represented by quadrilateral cells oriented along the radial direction, whereby different arrangements are considered, i.e., the ray cells are either regularly stacked or organized as a staggered configuration. The interface between the fiber and ray regions may also be characterized by a regular or a staggered arrangement. The meso-structural models for softwood and hardwood are discretized by means of plane-strain, finite element models, which describe the hygro-elastic response of the wood material in the radial–tangential plane. For softwood, the sensitivity of the effective elastic and hygro-expansive properties is explored as a function of the geometrical irregularity of the tracheids. For hardwood, the effective properties are studied under a variation of the ray cell arrangement, the type of interface between ray and fiber regions, and the vessel volume fraction. The modeling results agree well with results obtained from other numerical homogenization studies and show to be in reasonable agreement with experimental data taken from the literature.

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Section: Geometrical Features and Materials Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determination Of the Representative Unit Cell Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Influence of morphology on the effective hygro-elastic properties of softwood (spruce) and hardwood (balsa)

2021

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“…Some researchers have examined CLT walls [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. However, this paper compares the structural performance of CLT and reinforced concrete (RC) walls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Performance of Cross-Laminated Timber and Reinforced Concrete Walls

Bahrami

Nexén

Jönsson

2021

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

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The purpose of this research is to specify the differences between the performance of cross-laminated timber (CLT) and reinforced concrete (RC) walls. The study is done by using the finite element structural analysis and design software, StruSoft FEM-Design, in order to model, analyse and design a reference building located in the city of Gävle in Sweden. The building is firstly modelled, analysed and designed using RC walls and then the RC walls are replaced with CLT walls. In both buildings, other load-bearing elements such as slabs, beams and columns are made of RC while the roof beams are made of glulam. It is found that employing RC has advantages, especially regarding thickness. The results show that the CLT walls require larger dimensions than their RC counterparts. Meanwhile, it is demonstrated that the slabs, beams and columns made of RC in the building having the CLT walls require more reinforcement or larger thickness than the case of walls made of RC. Moreover, the total weight of the building having the CLT walls is 74% of the building having the RC walls. The lower weight of the building having the CLT walls has great advantages such as having lighter foundation and being cost-effective and also beneficial for the environment.

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“…The modulus of elasticity (MOE), the modulus of rupture (MOR), and shear strength are important properties of CLT plates, and they have an important influence on the structural design of CLT floors or roofs. The bending test of CLT plates in practical experiments as well as the modeling and simulation of CLT plates by finite element software can better analyze and predict the overall mechanical properties of CLT plates (Schneider et al 2015;Sebera et al 2015;Pina et al 2019). He et al (2018) studied the out-of-plane bending properties and compression properties of the Canadian hemlock CLT plate, where the mechanical properties of the CLT plate in the primary and secondary strength directions were obtained through experimental tests, and a numerical model was established to predict the bending stiffness of the CLT plate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural design and mechanical properties analysis of bamboo-wood cross-laminated timber

Wang

Zhang

2020

BioRes

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To explore the overall mechanical properties of bamboo-wood composite cross-laminated timber (BCLT), a simulation model of BCLT mechanical behavior based on the solid element was established using the finite element software ABAQUS. The actual four-point bending experiment was compared and analyzed with the finite element numerical simulation. The total curve error coefficient of the BCLT specimen at 18-mm displacement was 0.2988 while the interval was 0.5 mm. The error coefficient was 0.0178 when the maximum load was reached, and the minimum error coefficient was 0.0015 at 12 mm of displacement. Analysis of the influence of material parameters, meshing density, and material arrangement on the final stress distribution indicate that the difference in the elastic parameters of the material greatly influence the final stress distribution, and the arrangement and combination of materials also have an effect on the overall mechanical properties of the BCLT board. The combination CLT1-2-1 (i.e., the upper and lower layers of the bamboo are Arrangement 1 and the hemlock is Arrangement 2) have a maximum load of 57682 Ν and a maximum stress of 103.9 MPa.

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Numerical study on the elastic buckling of cross-laminated timber walls subject to compression

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Influence of morphology on the effective hygro-elastic properties of softwood (spruce) and hardwood (balsa)

Influence of morphology on the effective hygro-elastic properties of softwood (spruce) and hardwood (balsa)

Comparing Performance of Cross-Laminated Timber and Reinforced Concrete Walls

Structural design and mechanical properties analysis of bamboo-wood cross-laminated timber

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