The prevalence of chronic diseases and multimorbidity is rising across Europe, triggered by increasing life expectancy and changing lifestyles. Chronic conditions are now the leading causes of premature death and disability in high-income countries (IHME, 2018;Jakab et al., 2018). In European countries, the number of people with multimorbidity, defined as the co-existence of two or more chronic conditions, is growing and may be an even greater challenge (Rijken et al., 2017.The resulting pressures on health systems to address chronic and multimorbid conditions have become a major concern for policymakers and providers. Traditional care delivery models are insufficient to respond to the complexity of such health conditions, with some patients experiencing disrupted care pathways. Continuous, coordinated, person-centred care is essential. Yet, many health service delivery models remain fragmented and focused on a single disease. As a result, a variety of new care models responding to chronic conditions and multimorbidity have been developed over the last decades, including disease management programmes, integrated care and multiprofessional team collaboration (Nolte & Knai, 2015). However, implementation remains patchy, limited to stand-alone programmes or projects, certain regions or single health conditions. These new health care models require new professional skills from individual providers and new competencies. Skill gaps include coordination and communication among providers, digital health know-how, coordination and transition between care levels (home, community, ambulatory, hospital), and developing patients' self-management through self-care and independent decision-making.