Aims To identify the type and extent of unmet needs in people with Parkinson's disease and to examine the impact of health locus of control and family support on these needs. Design A cross‐sectional study. Methods This study was conducted from October 2015 ‐ February 2016 in Korea. Data were collected through questionnaires focusing on unmet needs, health locus of control, family support and clinical features. Results Therapeutic needs represented the highest percentage of unmet needs in people with Parkinson's disease (85.05%), followed by social/spiritual/emotional needs (82.72%). Physical needs were the lowest reported score (75.01%). Unmet needs were more frequent in those with more severe non‐motor symptoms. Also, higher family support, internal locus of control and doctor locus of control were correlated with more unmet needs. Conclusion Understanding factors that determine the type and degree of unmet needs in people with PD is important to provide appropriate nursing care. The findings of this study can be used for providing nursing interventions reflecting unmet needs and reducing their unmet needs to improve the overall well‐being of people with PD. Impact This study addressed unmet needs unmet needs specific to Parkinson's disease with respect to their nursing needs. Therapeutic needs were the highest unmet needs in people with PD, followed by social/spiritual/emotional needs, need for certainty and physical needs. The findings may be useful for nurses to identify the unmet needs of people with PD which need to be addressed. By reflecting on unmet needs, nurses can give personally tailored nursing care.

Rehabilitation nurses should identify caregivers at high risk in order to improve their quality of life. Nurses should assess education program needs and caregiving appraisal of caregivers of individuals with Parkinson's disease and develop a customized intervention program.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

The non-pharmacological intervention types and sleep-related measured outcomes were heterogeneous. Most therapies had inconsistent effects on sleep. The insufficient evidence for non-pharmacological treatments seems related to the unique motor-associated clinical features of PD, which restrict the use of physical exercise therapy, or to individual "wearing-off" periods, which limit group therapy. Further studies on non-pharmacological therapies are required to identify the best interventions for improving sleep quality in people with PD.

This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of telephonedelivered cognitive behavioral therapy (T-CBT) among patients with chronic physical health conditions and has been conducted to evaluate its effectiveness on depression. Methods: A literature search was conducted of electronic databases published from the journal inception to December 2017. Thirteen of 1,609 studies met the inclusion criteria. Selected studies were rated for quality assessment by two independent reviewers using Cochrane's collaboration tool. Results: Meta-analysis showed that T-CBT significantly reduces depression. The effect size of T-CBT was small (d=-0.20, 95% CI:-0.29~-0.10, Z=4.09, p<.001) and showed low heterogeneity (I 2 =0.0%). The effect of T-CBT at the 12-month follow-up was not sustained (d=-0.19, 95% CI:-0.42~0.03, Z=1.66, p=.10). Conclusion: The current findings indicate that T-CBT for patients with chronic physical health conditions has a significant post-treatment effect on depression. T-CBT can be a useful intervention reducing barriers to treatment and improving depression in patients with chronic physical health conditions.

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