Nutrient Contents and Productivity of Triticum aestivum Plants Grown in Clay Loam Soil Depending on Humic Substances and Varieties and Their Interactions

Abstract

Due to an extreme increase in population growth, Egypt suffers from a widening gap in the quantity of imported wheat compared with production and local consumption. Two field trials were conducted during the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons with three levels of humic substances (HSs) as a foliar spray (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 g L−1; HS1, HS2 and HS3) and three levels (5.04, 7.56 and 10.08 kg ha−1; HS4, HS5 and HS6) as a soil application. These were applied three times (30, 45 and 60 days after sowing) in comparison with the control (HS0) to evaluate the performance of three wheat varieties (Seds1 (V1), Misr2 (V2) and Giza168 (V3)) grown in clay loam soil. The experiment was set up according to the split-plot structure in a randomized complete block design; however, the varieties were set as the main plot and treatments were a sub-main plot. Generally, the data indicated that the soil application treatments recorded maximum values for most growth and yield attributes, except for spike length and grain weight per spike, SPAD reading and total grain yield in the first season, and leaf area and biological yield in the second season. HS1, HS2, HS5, and HS6 were the superior treatments for most of the nutrient contents studied. Regarding the influence of variety, the results showed that V3 recorded maximum values for LA, SpL, TGW, TGY and leaf Zn and Cu contents in both seasons; PH, GWS and leaf N content in the first season; and SPAD reading, BY and leaf K, Fe and Mn contents in the second season. V1 was the superior variety for GWS, BY, leaf K and Mn contents in the 2018/2019 season and PH, GNS in the second season, followed by V2, which had the greatest values for leaf P contents in both seasons, and SPAD reading, GNS and leaf Fe content in the 2018/2019 season and GWS and leaf N content in the second season.

Extracted Eucalyptus globulus Bark Fiber as a Potential Substrate for Pinus radiata and Quillaja saponaria Germination

“…It can be obtained by deacetylation of chitin from crustacean shells, fungal mycelium, or directly from fungal biomass [ 31 , 32 ]. Humic substances are a mixture of organic substances that improve soil quality and facilitate plant nutrient uptake [ 33 ]. They are produced through the decomposition of plant and animal residues, catalyzed by environmental factors and microorganisms [ 34 ].…”

Effect of humic substances on yield and nutrient contents of Eggplant Santana (Solanum melongena) plants in gray-brown soil

“…Furthermore, healthy and environmentally friendly food production is a priority for scientists and researchers. Organic agriculture presents itself as an efficient alternative, although there are concerns about yield (Awad et al, 2022).…”

Alleviation of Water-Deficit Stress on Seed Germination of Barley and Fenugreek in a Sandy Soil Using Superabsorbent Polymer

“…Egypt is a developing country, which mainly depends upon agriculture as a main source of foods [1]. Despite the tremendous progress in the development of this sector, in recent decades, extreme population growth has become the main obstacle toward achieving the objectives of sustainable agriculture development [2] compared with other factors such as the conservation of soil, water, and animal and plant genetic resources, in addition to organic agriculture, integrated agricultural production, agroforestry production, and crop-livestock-forest integration. In other words, the global population growth, which is expected to double from 2020 to 2050, may be the main motive for creating innovative approaches to improve land productivity and maximize crop production through increasing the soil's ability to retain water [3,4] and, furthermore, following crop rotation as one of the systems of agricultural intensification and the cultivation of new varieties of plants, especially those that are tolerant of water-deficit stress conditions [5].…”