Nutrient Retention in Restored Streams and Rivers: A Global Review and Synthesis

Johnson, Tamara A. Newcomer; Kaushal, Sujay S.; Mayer, Paul M.; Smith, Rose Marie; Sivirichi, Gwen M.

doi:10.3390/w8040116

Cited by 129 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Numerous studies have documented the impacts of urban run‐off on stream water quality. Regional case studies highlight increased loading to receiving streams of pollutants such as nutrients (Newcomer Johnson, Kaushal, Mayer, Smith, & Sivirichi, ), suspended solids (MacAvoy, Plank, Mucha, & Williamson, ), oil and grease (Sood, Sood, Bansal, & John, ), faecal coliform bacteria (Paule‐Mercado et al, ), trace metals (Ruchter & Sures, ), thermal energy (Sun, Yearsley, Voisin, & Lettenmaier, ), and salts (Corsi, De Cicco, Lutz, & Hirsch, ). These studies indicate elevated but highly variable concentrations of solutes in streams with several constituents surpassing public health standards, stressing aquatic biota, and potentially impairing any beneficial use of water resources in these landscapes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of subcatchment and watershed boundaries in a complex and highly urbanized landscape

Kayembe

Mitchell

2018

Hydrological Processes

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Urban development significantly alters the landscape by introducing widespread impervious surfaces, which quickly convey surface run‐off to streams via stormwater sewer networks, resulting in “flashy” hydrological responses. Here, we present the inadequacies of using raster‐based digital elevation models and flow‐direction algorithms to delineate large and highly urbanized watersheds and propose an alternative approach that accounts for the influence of anthropogenically modified land cover. We use a semi‐automated approach that incorporates conventional drainage networks into overland flow paths and define the maximal run‐off contributing area. In this approach, stormwater pipes are clustered according to their slope attributes, which define flow direction. Land areas drained by each cluster and contributing (or exporting) flow to a topographically delineated catchment were determined. These land masses were subsequently added or removed from the catchment, modifying both the shape and the size. Our results in a highly urbanized Toronto, Canada, area watershed indicate a moderate net increase in the directly connected watershed area by 3% relative to a topographically forced method; however, differences across three smaller scale subcatchments are greater. Compared to topographic delineation, the directly connected watershed areas of both the upper and middle subcatchments decrease by 5% and 8%, respectively, whereas the lower subcatchment area increases by 15%. This is directly related to subsurface storm sewer pipes that cross topographic boundaries. When directly connected subcatchment area is plotted against total streamflow and flashiness indices using this method, the coefficients of variation are greater (0.93 to 0.97) compared to the use of digital elevation model‐derived subcatchment areas (0.78 to 0.85). The accurate identification of watershed and subcatchment boundaries should incorporate ancillary data such as stormwater sewer networks and retention basin drainage areas to reduce water budget errors in urban systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of subcatchment and watershed boundaries in a complex and highly urbanized landscape

Kayembe

Mitchell

2018

Hydrological Processes

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“…Water 2016, 8,390 3 of 17 [31]. Approximately 61% of the watershed drains directly to storm drains and only 7.2% of the watershed is served by stormwater management [31].…”

Section: Site Descriptions and Sampling Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reducing nonpoint sources of P-rich sediments from urban and suburban watersheds via best management practices (BMPs) including various stormwater control measures (SCMs), and stream restoration designs [4][5][6][7][8], are among the top choices for restoration strategies in the Chesapeake Bay and other coastal watersheds [9][10][11]. Ignoring land costs, constructed wetlands and ponds were the least expensive to construct and maintain among the six stormwater SCMs investigated [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Retention in Stormwater Control Structures across Streamflow in Urban and Suburban Watersheds

Duan

Johnson

Mayer

et al. 2016

Water

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Abstract:Recent studies have shown that stormwater control measures (SCMs) are less effective at retaining phosphorus (P) than nitrogen. We compared P retention between two urban/suburban SCMs and their adjacent free-flowing stream reaches at the Baltimore Long-Term Ecological Study (LTER) site, and examined changes in P retention in SCMs across flow conditions. Results show that, when compared with free-flowing stream reaches, the SCMs had significantly lower dissolved oxygen (%DO) and higher P concentrations, as well as lower mean areal retention rates and retention efficiencies of particulate P (PP). In all the SCMs, concentrations of total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) consistently exhibited inverse correlations with %DO that was lower during summer base flows. Particulate phosphorus (PP) concentrations peaked during spring high flow period in both streams and in-line pond/SCMs, but they were also higher during summer base flows in suburban/urban SCMs. Meanwhile, PP areal retention rates and retention efficiencies of the SCMs changed from positive (indicating retention) during high flows to negative (indicating release) during low flows, while such changes across flow were not observed in free-flowing stream reaches. We attribute the changing roles of SCMs from a PP sink to a PP source to changes in SCM hydrologic mass balances, physical sedimentation and biogeochemical mobilization across flows. This study demonstrates that in suburban/urban SCMs, P retained during high flow events can be released during low flows. Cultivation of macrophytes and/or frequent sediment dredging may provide potential solutions to retaining both P and nitrogen in urban SCMs.

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“…Managing the connectivity between fluvial hydrosystem units is becoming more widely recognized as an important tool in the protection and remediation of chemical contaminants in water resources (e.g., Newcomer‐Johnson et al. ).…”

Section: Physical and Chemical Connections As Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Chemical Connectivity of Streams and Riparian Wetlands to Downstream Waters: A Synthesis

Fritz

Schofield

Alexander

et al. 2018

J American Water Resour Assoc

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Streams, riparian areas, floodplains, alluvial aquifers and downstream waters (e.g., large rivers, lakes, oceans) are interconnected by longitudinal, lateral, and vertical fluxes of water, other materials and energy. Collectively, these interconnected waters are called fluvial hydrosystems. Physical and chemical connectivity within fluvial hydrosystems is created by the transport of nonliving materials (e.g., water, sediment, nutrients, contaminants) which either do or do not chemically change (chemical and physical connections, respectively). A substantial body of evidence unequivocally demonstrates physical and chemical connectivity between streams and riparian wetlands and downstream waters. Streams and riparian wetlands are structurally connected to downstream waters through the network of continuous channels and floodplain form that make these systems physically contiguous, and the very existence of these structures provides strong geomorphologic evidence for connectivity. Functional connections between streams and riparian wetlands and their downstream waters vary geographically and over time, based on proximity, relative size, environmental setting, material disparity, and intervening units. Because of the complexity and dynamic nature of connections among fluvial hydrosystem units, a complete accounting of the physical and chemical connections and their consequences to downstream waters should aggregate over multiple years to decades.

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Nutrient Retention in Restored Streams and Rivers: A Global Review and Synthesis

Cited by 129 publications

References 105 publications

Determination of subcatchment and watershed boundaries in a complex and highly urbanized landscape

Determination of subcatchment and watershed boundaries in a complex and highly urbanized landscape

Phosphorus Retention in Stormwater Control Structures across Streamflow in Urban and Suburban Watersheds

Physical and Chemical Connectivity of Streams and Riparian Wetlands to Downstream Waters: A Synthesis

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