Nutrigenetics—personalized nutrition in obesity and cardiovascular diseases

Barrea, Luigi; Annunziata, Giuseppe; Bordoni, Laura; Muscogiuri, Giovanna; Colao, Annamaria; Savastano, Silvia

doi:10.1038/s41367-020-0014-4

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 129 publications

(150 reference statements)

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“…Importantly, not all people have the same metabolic responses to specific nutritional interventions, as they have different genetic backgrounds. Therefore, it is crucial to develop personalized interventions taking into consideration the individual susceptibility to metabolic alterations and the molecular effects of bioactive compounds and nutrient-derived ingredients by means of the regulation of gene expression [ 15 , 103 , 104 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, resveratrol enriched extract from the same source upregulated their expression. Since individuals have distinct SNPs associated with the development of metabolic alterations and/or to the up- or downregulation of genes, distinct nutritional interventions will be required according to their genetics [ 101 , 104 , 105 , 106 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural Extracts to Augment Energy Expenditure as a Complementary Approach to Tackle Obesity and Associated Metabolic Alterations

et al. 2021

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Obesity is the epidemic of the 21st century. In developing countries, the prevalence of obesity continues to rise, and obesity is occurring at younger ages. Obesity and associated metabolic stress disrupt the whole-body physiology. Adipocytes are critical components of the systemic metabolic control, functioning as an endocrine organ. The enlarged adipocytes during obesity recruit macrophages promoting chronic inflammation and insulin resistance. Together with the genetic susceptibility (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNP) and metabolic alterations at the molecular level, it has been highlighted that key modifiable risk factors, such as those related to lifestyle, contribute to the development of obesity. In this scenario, urgent therapeutic options are needed, including not only pharmacotherapy but also nutrients, bioactive compounds, and natural extracts to reverse the metabolic alterations associated with obesity. Herein, we first summarize the main targetable processes to tackle obesity, including activation of thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and in white adipose tissue (WAT-browning), and the promotion of energy expenditure and/or fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in muscles. Then, we perform a screening of 20 natural extracts (EFSA approved) to determine their potential in the activation of FAO and/or thermogenesis, as well as the increase in respiratory capacity. By means of innovative technologies, such as the study of their effects on cell bioenergetics (Seahorse bioanalyzer), we end up with the selection of four extracts with potential application to ameliorate the deleterious effects of obesity and the chronic associated inflammation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Extracts to Augment Energy Expenditure as a Complementary Approach to Tackle Obesity and Associated Metabolic Alterations

et al. 2021

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“…The list of potentially interesting nutrigenetic associations is long; however, a number of results remain unconfirmed in subsequent independent studies. The list of reviews and opinion papers on the topic is probably as long as the list of original results, but some of them are useful to read [ 83 , 84 , 85 ].…”

Section: Nutrigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease: How Far Are We from Personalized CVD Risk Prediction and Management?

Vráblík

Dlouhá

Todorovová

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Despite the rapid progress in diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD), this disease remains a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Recent progress over the last two decades in the field of molecular genetics, especially with new tools such as genome-wide association studies, has helped to identify new genes and their variants, which can be used for calculations of risk, prediction of treatment efficacy, or detection of subjects prone to drug side effects. Although the use of genetic risk scores further improves CVD prediction, the significance is not unambiguous, and some subjects at risk remain undetected. Further research directions should focus on the “second level” of genetic information, namely, regulatory molecules (miRNAs) and epigenetic changes, predominantly DNA methylation and gene-environment interactions.

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“…Recently, the implementation of personalized dietary approaches to managing complicated health problems (e.g., cardiovascular and metabolic disorders) has been increasing [ 104 , 105 ]. Personalized interventions could be defined as advanced and detailed models of clinical/primary care interventions.…”

Section: Personalized Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Childhood Obesity—Time to Shift from Generalized to Personalized Intervention Strategies

et al. 2021

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As a major public health concern, childhood obesity is a multifaceted and multilevel metabolic disorder influenced by genetic and behavioral aspects. While genetic risk factors contribute to and interact with the onset and development of excess body weight, available evidence indicates that several modifiable obesogenic behaviors play a crucial role in the etiology of childhood obesity. Although a variety of systematic reviews and meta-analyses have reported the effectiveness of several interventions in community-based, school-based, and home-based programs regarding childhood obesity, the prevalence of children with excess body weight remains high. Additionally, researchers and pediatric clinicians are often encountering several challenges and the characteristics of an optimal weight management strategy remain controversial. Strategies involving a combination of physical activity, nutritional, and educational interventions are likely to yield better outcomes compared to single-component strategies but various prohibitory limitations have been reported in practice. This review seeks to (i) provide a brief overview of the current preventative and therapeutic approaches towards childhood obesity, (ii) discuss the complexity and limitations of research in the childhood obesity area, and (iii) suggest an Etiology-Based Personalized Intervention Strategy Targeting Childhood Obesity (EPISTCO). This purposeful approach includes prioritized nutritional, educational, behavioral, and physical activity intervention strategies directly based on the etiology of obesity and interpretation of individual characteristics.

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Nutrigenetics—personalized nutrition in obesity and cardiovascular diseases

Cited by 41 publications

References 129 publications

Natural Extracts to Augment Energy Expenditure as a Complementary Approach to Tackle Obesity and Associated Metabolic Alterations

Natural Extracts to Augment Energy Expenditure as a Complementary Approach to Tackle Obesity and Associated Metabolic Alterations

Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease: How Far Are We from Personalized CVD Risk Prediction and Management?

Management of Childhood Obesity—Time to Shift from Generalized to Personalized Intervention Strategies

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