Nutrition and Social Behavior

Barrett, David

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1689-1_4

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Children who have increased morbidity may lack energy and withdraw from contact with their peers and environment. 35,36 Also, mothers who coddle less mobile infants may further hinder their growth and independence. 35,36 Finally, the mother of a sick child may engage in less responsive communication with the child and thereby deprive him or her of social interaction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35,36 Also, mothers who coddle less mobile infants may further hinder their growth and independence. 35,36 Finally, the mother of a sick child may engage in less responsive communication with the child and thereby deprive him or her of social interaction. [35][36][37] The effect of multivitamin supplements on motor scores was variable across subgroups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35,36 Finally, the mother of a sick child may engage in less responsive communication with the child and thereby deprive him or her of social interaction. [35][36][37] The effect of multivitamin supplements on motor scores was variable across subgroups. Children who were born to women with a proxy for advanced disease, ie, high ESR, benefited significantly from multivitamin supplements with respect to psychomotor function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Maternal Multivitamin Supplementation on the Mental and Psychomotor Development of Children Who Are Born to HIV-1–Infected Mothers in Tanzania

et al. 2006

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OBJECTIVES. To determine the association between maternal multivitamin supplementation and the mental and psychomotor development of children who are born to HIV-1-infected mothers in Tanzania, as secondary endpoints in a randomized trial that investigated the effect of maternal multivitamin supplementation on HIV-1 vertical transmission and progression.METHODS. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development, 2nd Edition, were administered at 6, 12, and 18 months of age to a subset of children (N ϭ 327). We assessed the effect of vitamin A and multivitamin (vitamins B, C, and E) supplementation using linear regression models and Cox proportional hazard models for the Mental Development Index, the Psychomotor Development Index, and raw scores separately.RESULTS. Multivitamin supplementation was associated significantly with a mean increase in Psychomotor Development Index score of 2.6 (95% confidence interval: 0.1-5.1). Multivitamins were also significantly protective against the risk for developmental delay on the motor scale (relative risk: 0.4; 95% confidence interval: 0.2-0.7) but not on the Mental Development Index. Vitamin A supplementation had no significant effect on these outcomes.CONCLUSIONS. Maternal multivitamin supplements provide a low-cost intervention to reduce the risk for developmental delays among infants who are born to HIVpositive mothers in developing countries. McGRATH, et al by guest on May 11, 2018 http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/ Downloaded from A LTHOUGH STUDIES HAVE sought to improve mental and psychomotor development in children through protein energy 1 and multivitamin child supplements, 2-4 few have examined the effect of maternal supplements on infant development. Nutritional deficiencies are common in children in developing countries. 5 In 1996, 43% of preschool Tanzanian children were stunted (low height for age). 6 Vitamin A, iodine, and iron deficiencies are also prevalent. 7-9 Pepping et al 8 found that vitamin A deficiency was a significant problem in Tanzania, with 1.5% of the preschool age children whom they surveyed having xerophthalmia and 1.6% having Bitot's spots. In addition, children are have HIV-1 infection; antenatal HIV-1 seroprevalence has been ϳ12% since 1995 in Dar es Salaam. 10 Because multivitamin deficiencies are associated with faster HIV disease progression in adults 11 and higher risk for infant morbidity, 12 they may have a negative impact on the mental and psychomotor development of the child.Daily consumption of multivitamin supplements by HIV-1-infected pregnant women has been shown to delay significantly the progression of HIV disease. 13 Multivitamin supplements also resulted in significant reductions in the risk for low birth weight (LBW), severe preterm birth, and fetal loss and improved the immunologic profile of the mothers and increased their hemoglobin concentrations. 14 Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy has also been shown to reduce the risk for preterm delivery among HIV-infected women. 15 Baylin et al 16 demonstrated that vit...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Maternal Multivitamin Supplementation on the Mental and Psychomotor Development of Children Who Are Born to HIV-1–Infected Mothers in Tanzania

et al. 2006

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“…In response to the infants' behavior, caregivers offer less stimulation. Over time, these alterations in child and caregiver behavior interfere with the child's normal acquisition of environmental information and adversely affect the child's development (Barrett, 1986; Levitsky, 1979;Pollitt, Gorman, Engle, Martorell, & Rivera, 1993;Wachs, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of Infants with Iron‐Deficiency Anemia

Lozoff¹,

Klein

Nelson³

et al. 1998

Child Development

227

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This study tested the hypothesis that infants with iron-deficiency anemia show behaviors, such as increased proximity to caregivers, increased wariness or hesitance, and decreased activity, that could contribute to "functional isolation." The behavior of 52 Costa Rican 12- to 23-month-old infants with iron-deficiency anemia was contrasted with that of 139 comparison group infants with better iron status during free play and mental and motor testing and in the home. Infants with iron-deficiency anemia maintained closer contact with caregivers; showed less pleasure and delight; were more wary, hesitant, and easily tired; made fewer attempts at test items; were less attentive to instructions and demonstrations; and were less playful. Adult behavior also differed. The results indicate that iron-deficiency anemia in infancy is associated with alterations in affect and activity, suggesting that functional isolation is a useful framework for understanding poorer developmental outcome in iron-deficiency anemia, the world's most common single nutrient deficiency.

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“…The effect was additive in a group of children who received both; a result which was interpreted as showing that each had had an independent effect, but which is scarcely surprising. The intervention studies which have included pregnancy do not show any marked variation in the differences, between index and control groups, from those commenced in early infancy (Chavez et al 1975;Waber et al 1981;Barratt et al 1982;Joos et al 1983;Barratt, 1986). This is not surprising as supplementation in pregnancy has had only small effects on birth weight even at very low energy intake (Prentice et al 1983).…”

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confidence: 98%

Some aspects of the long-term effects of malnutrition on the behaviour of children in the Third World

Stanfield¹

1993

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Nutrition and Social Behavior

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

Effect of Maternal Multivitamin Supplementation on the Mental and Psychomotor Development of Children Who Are Born to HIV-1–Infected Mothers in Tanzania

Effect of Maternal Multivitamin Supplementation on the Mental and Psychomotor Development of Children Who Are Born to HIV-1–Infected Mothers in Tanzania

Behavior of Infants with Iron‐Deficiency Anemia

Some aspects of the long-term effects of malnutrition on the behaviour of children in the Third World

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