Nutritional and Chemical Composition of Sargassum zhangii and the Physical and Chemical Characterization, Binding Bile Acid, and Cholesterol-Lowering Activity in HepG2 Cells of Its Fucoidans

Abstract

Fucoidan is a marine sulfated polysaccharide that is rich in Sargassum and has a wide range of biological activities. In this study, the chemical composition and bile acid binding ability of six crude fucoidans were compared, the nutrition and chemical composition of Sargassum zhangii were analyzed, and fucoidan from Sargassum zhangii was extracted and purified. The purified fractions (ZF1, ZF2, and ZF3) were analyzed by physicochemical characterization, and the ability of binding bile acid and cholesterol lowering in HepG2 cells were evaluated. The results showed that the contents of sulfate in crude fucoidan from Sargassum Zhangii (ZF) was as high as13.63%. Its ability of binding bile acid was better than other five crude fucoidans. Sargassum zhangii was a kind of brown seaweed with high carbohydrate, and low fat and rich in minerals. The sulfate content of ZF1, ZF2, and ZF3 was 3.29%, 19.39%, and 18.89% respectively, and the molecular weight (Mw) was 4.026 × 105, 2.893 × 105, and 3.368 × 105, respectively. Three fucoidans all contained the characteristic absorption bands of polysaccharides and sulfate groups and were rich in fucose. Three fucoidans can bind to bile acid, and ZF2 showed the best binding capability. In vitro experiments showed that ZF1, ZF2, and ZF3 could reduce intracellular total cholesterol (TC) content in HepG2 cells without affecting their viability. ZF2 showed the best ability to reduce TC.

Water-Soluble Saccharina latissima Polysaccharides and Relation of Their Structural Characteristics with In Vitro Immunostimulatory and Hypocholesterolemic Activities

“…Like colestipol, a cationic resin used as a cholesterol-lowering drug, FCSPs from the F2 fraction seem to have the capacity (albeit to a lesser effect) to sequester bile salts, reducing their concentration in the intestinal lumen, lowering the cholesterol solubility, and limiting cholesterol absorption through the intestine. Considering other brown macroalgae, the fraction of Sargassum zhangii containing moderately charged FCSPs (eluted with 1 M NaCl) showed the best ability to bind bile acids and reduce the content of intracellular total cholesterol in HepG2 cells compared to those eluted with 0.5 M or 2 M NaCl [ 45 ]. These data also corroborate the higher potential of moderately charged FSCPs as hypocholesterolemic agents able to decrease cholesterol absorption, which is especially relevant considering the prevalence of the high cholesterol levels in human blood, a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases [ 46 ].…”

Chemical composition of seaweed and its medical-biological properties

“…Показано, что антиоксидантная активность, которой обладают полиненасыщенные ЖК бурых водорослей, в несколько раз превышает активность витамина Е [36]. Фитостерины и полиненасыщенные ЖК в составе бурых водорослей оказывают антитромботическое действие, нормализуют липидный обмен, противодействуют возникновению атеросклероза, проявляют противоопухолевую активность [37].…”

Determining the potent immunostimulation potential arising from the heteropolysaccharide structure of a novel fucoidan, derived from Sargassum Zhangii

“…Therefore, Sargassum species have great potential in the neutralceutical field, and have been identified as a key medicinal food of the twenty-first century. Sargassum Zhangii fucoidan (SZF) is an relatively unexplored compound; although it has been reported to have cholesterol-lowering activity ( Lin, Chen, & Zhong, 2022 ), little research has been conducted into its immunomodulatory activities.…”