Nutritional and environmental losses embedded in global food waste

Chen, Canxi; Chaudhary, Abhishek; Mathys, Alexander

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104912

Cited by 236 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Significant economic, environmental, and social impacts are associated with the avoidable disposal of foods worldwide (Gustavsson et al, 2011;Papargyropoulou et al, 2014;Chen et al, 2020). Measures to reduce food loss and waste amount exceeding 1.3 billion tons per year (Gustavsson et al, 2011) include avoiding surplus food production, followed by redistribution and reuse of surplus foods (Papargyropoulou et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Bacteria in Two Food Waste Black Soldier Fly Larvae Rearing Residues

et al. 2020

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Significant economic, environmental, and social impacts are associated with the avoidable disposal of foods worldwide. Mass-rearing of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae using organic wastes and food- and agro-industry side products is promising for recycling resources within the food system. One current challenge of this approach is ensuring a reliable and high conversion performance of larvae with inherently variable substrates. Research has been devoted to increasing rearing performance by optimizing substrate nutrient contents and ratios, while the potential of the substrate and larval gut microbiota to increase rearing performance remains untapped. Since previous research has focused on gut microbiota, here, we describe bacterial dynamics in the residue (i.e., the mixture of frass and substrate) of black soldier fly larvae reared on two food wastes (i.e., canteen and household waste). To identify members of the substrate and residue microbiota, potentially associated with rearing performance, bacterial dynamics were also studied in the canteen waste without larvae, and after inactivation by irradiation of the initial microbiota in canteen waste. The food waste substrates had similar microbiota; both were dominated by common lactic acid bacteria. Inactivation of the canteen waste microbiota, which was dominated by Leuconostoc, Bacillus, and Staphylococcus, decreased the levels of all rearing performance indicators by 31–46% relative to canteen waste with the native microbiota. In both food waste substrates, larval rearing decreased the bacterial richness and changed the physicochemical residue properties and composition over the rearing period of 12 days, and typical members of the larval intestinal microbiota (i.e., Providencia, Dysgonomonas, Morganella, and Proteus) became more abundant, suggesting their transfer into the residue through excretions. Future studies should isolate members of these taxa and elucidate their true potential to influence black soldier fly mass-rearing performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Bacteria in Two Food Waste Black Soldier Fly Larvae Rearing Residues

et al. 2020

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“…per person per day in China, and 315 g CO 2 eq. in high-income areas) [ 22 ]. In addition, due to the lack of promoting garbage classification and recycling in China, urban areas are not sanitary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumer Food Waste Behavior among Emerging Adults: Evidence from China

Tsai

Chen

Yang

2020

Foods

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With the aggravation of global climate change, the issue of environmental protection has become the focus of global attention, and countries all over the world have devoted themselves to the sustainable development of resources to reduce the negative impact of the environment on human society. Reducing the resource waste is an important aspect of the sustainable development, among which food waste is a critical part. According to a report of the United Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 35% of food is wasted during consumption. Although households are the main contributors to food waste during consumption, the situation in university canteens cannot be ignored. As universities have a high degree of social influence, some policies and activities are piloted in universities, and then, promoted to society after achieving significant results. In future social development, the food waste behavior of consumers at the early stage of adulthood will have a significant impact on society. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the factors that lead to food waste by early adulthood consumers. This study focuses on food waste by end consumers and explores factors in the food waste behavior of the emerging adulthood consumer, which can be used as a reference for improving food waste in schools, governments, and other related industries in the future. The results show that the model of factors influencing the food waste behavior of emerging adulthood consumers established in this study is acceptable. According to the analysis results of the structural equation modeling (SEM), it can be seen that the influences of environmental concerns on the attitude toward behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control are ranked first, second, and third, respectively. While emerging adulthood consumers have a high degree of independence and self-awareness, schools, governments, media networks, and other related industries also need to establish a more complete system and form of cherishing food, in order to encourage emerging adulthood consumers to change their behavior and attitude spontaneously.

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“…Human populations in primate range countries lag far behind developed nations in GDPPC, in human development, and in food security despite the fact they produce billions of metric tonnes of food per year. This is a direct result of land use practices that are controlled by a small set of multinational corporations and a system of industrial agricultural production for global export (including beef) to satisfy overconsumption by developed and developing nations rather than for domestic consumption (Estrada, Garber & Chaudhary, 2019;Chen, Chaudhary & Mathys, 2020).…”

Section: Food Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and future trends in socio-economic, demographic and governance factors affecting global primate conservation

Estrada

Garber

Chaudhary

2020

PeerJ

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Currently, ~65% of extant primate species (ca 512 species) distributed in 91 countries in the Neotropics, mainland Africa, Madagascar, South Asia and Southeast Asia are threatened with extinction and 75% have declining populations as a result of deforestation and habitat loss resulting from increasing global market demands, and land conversion for industrial agriculture, cattle production and natural resource extraction. Other pressures that negatively impact primates are unsustainable bushmeat hunting, the illegal trade of primates as pets and as body parts, expanding road networks in previously isolated areas, zoonotic disease transmission and climate change. Here we examine current and future trends in several socio-economic factors directly or indirectly affecting primates to further our understanding of the interdependent relationship between human well-being, sustainable development, and primate population persistence. We found that between 2001 and 2018 ca 191 Mha of tropical forest (30% canopy cover) were lost as a result of human activities in the five primate range regions. Forty-six percent of this loss was in the Neotropics (Mexico, Central and South America), 30% in Southeast Asia, 21% in mainland Africa, 2% in Madagascar and 1% in South Asia. Countries with the greatest losses (ca 57% of total tree cover loss) were Brazil, Indonesia, DRC, China, and Malaysia. Together these countries harbor almost 50% of all extant primate species. In 2018, the world human population was estimated at ca 8bn people, ca 60% of which were found in primate range countries. Projections to 2050 and to 2100 indicate continued rapid growth of the human populations in these five primate range regions, with Africa surpassing all the other regions and totaling ca 4bn people by the year 2100. Socioeconomic indicators show that, compared to developed nations, most primate range countries are characterized by high levels of poverty and income inequality, low human development, low food security, high levels of corruption and weak governance. Models of Shared Socioeconomic Pathway scenarios (SSPs) projected to 2050 and 2100 showed that whereas practices of increasing inequality (SSP4) or unconstrained growth in economic output and energy use (SSP5) are projected to have dire consequences for human well-being and primate survivorship, practices of sustainability-focused growth and equality (SSP1) are expected to have a positive effect on maintaining biodiversity, protecting environments, and improving the human condition. These results stress that improving the well-being, health, and security of the current and future human populations in primate range countries are of paramount importance if we are to move forward with effective policies to protect the world’s primate species and promote biodiversity conservation.

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Nutritional and environmental losses embedded in global food waste

Cited by 236 publications

References 73 publications

Identification of Bacteria in Two Food Waste Black Soldier Fly Larvae Rearing Residues

Identification of Bacteria in Two Food Waste Black Soldier Fly Larvae Rearing Residues

Consumer Food Waste Behavior among Emerging Adults: Evidence from China

Current and future trends in socio-economic, demographic and governance factors affecting global primate conservation

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