Nutritional effects of the cyclic monomers of methyl linolenate in the rat

Iwaoka, Wayne T.; Perkins, E. G.

doi:10.1007/bf02544065

Cited by 39 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Increased liver lipid content observed with both CFAM diets in this study is consistent with the literature (Iwaoka & Perkins, 1976; Lamboni et al., 1998), but we found no significant effect of CFAM on plasma glucose and insulin. These latter results suggest that lipid accumulation in the liver might not resulted from disturbances in carbohydrate homeostasis (Adeli et al, 2001), due likely to the normal physiological state of rats used in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Liver and plasma lipid changes induced by cyclic fatty acid monomers from heated vegetable oil in the rat

Mboma

Leblanc

Wan

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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Cyclic fatty acid monomers (CFAM) generated through domestic or industrial heating of vegetable oils may alter liver enzymes and induce hepatomegaly and steatosis, but the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. This study aimed to assess the effects of CFAM on liver and plasma lipids and to determine whether these effects are modulated by dietary lipids. Thirty‐six (36) male Wistar rats were fed either of the four isoenergetic diets consisting of canola oil or soybean oil with/without 500 mg/100 g CFAM of total fat for 28 days. Rats fed CFAM had higher liver total lipids (p = 0.03) and triacylglycerols (TAG) (p = 0.02), but less hepatic phosphatidylcholine (p = 0.02) compared to those fed the non‐CFAM diets. CFAM did not alter liver phosphatidylethanolamine N‐methyltransferase (PEMT) activity and CTP: phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase (CT‐α) protein levels. Rats fed CFAM diets had higher levels of plasma total cholesterol (TC), VLDL + LDL cholesterol, higher ratio of TC to HDL cholesterol, and lower levels of HDL cholesterol compared with rats fed non‐CFAM diets (p < 0.05). Plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) was decreased with CFAM, but plasma insulin, glucose, and TAG did not vary among the four diet groups (p < 0.05). Rats fed canola oil and CFAM had higher plasma levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) and AST/ALT ratio compared with the other three diet groups. These results indicate that CFAM may provoke an accumulation of TAG in the liver related to a decrease in phosphatidylcholine (PC) levels, but the effect of CFAM on PC concentrations may not occur through impairment of the two main PC biosynthesis pathways.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Heated edible oils can contain up to 0.66% CFAM of total fatty acids (Frankel et al, 1984). It has been observed that diets containing CFAM increase either liver weight or hepatic lipid content compared to control diets (Iwaoka & Perkins, 1976), but the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Martin et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver and plasma lipid changes induced by cyclic fatty acid monomers from heated vegetable oil in the rat

Mboma

Leblanc

Wan

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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“…' : ' " 96 - The toxicity of feeding low levels lof cyclic monomers has been ," demonstrated in laboratory experiments with animaIs. 'Iwaoka and Perkins (1976) in experiments with rats showed that the ,.incorporatIon of low' levels (0.1)%) of purlfied cyclic fatty acid methyl esters (methyl w(2-alkyl cyclohexadlenyl) carboxyllc aClds) in diets which contained 8%…”

Section: ' "mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of thermal oxidation on the constitution of butterfat, butterfat fractions and certain vegetable oils

Kupranycz

Amer

Baker

1986

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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To evaluate the thermal oxidative behavior of butterfat in comparison to selected vegetable oils, samples of winter and summer butterfat, liquid and solid butterfat fractions, and selected vegetable oils were heated at 185 C in the presence of air (30 ml/min) for 8 and 16 hr. The resultant heated fats and oils, as well as the methyl esters of their fatty acids, were examined by gel permeation chromatography. The results indicated that butterfat is much more stable to thermal oxidation than canola, sunflower and soybean oils. This was evidenced by a substantially higher content of both dimeric and higher oligomeric triglycerides in the vegetable oils than in any of the butterfat samples after both 8 and 16 hr of heating. The corn oil also exhibited a high degree of stability to thermal oxidation after 8 hr of heating. The 16 hr corn oil data, however, was less certain due to the presence of a very viscous and dark colored material which could not be removed from the oxidation flask; this was believed to contain highly polymerized oil and was not observed with any of the other samples. There were some differences in the inter‐ and intramolecular polymerization of the butterfat fractions compared with each other and with whole butterfat. With the winter butterfat samples, after 8 hr of thermal oxidation, both the solid and liquid butterfat fractions exhibited more stability toward intermolecular polymerization than did the whole butterfat. After 16 hr of heating the ratio of trimeric and higher oligomeric triglycerides to dimeric triglycerides increased with increasing degree of unsaturation of the butterfat and with increased time of heating. Similar trends were observed with regard to the degree of intramolecular polymerization.

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“…Iwaoka and Perkins (11) showed that when small quantities (about 1%) of purified methyl ω-(2-alkyl cyclohexyl) carboxylic acids (CFAME) were fed to rats with lowlevel protein diets (8-10% casein), the CFAME decreased weight gains and feed consumption in these animals compared to controls. Liver enlargement with accumulation of lipid was detected in animals fed 0.15% CFAME in their diets.…”

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confidence: 98%

Cyclic fatty acid monomers from dietary heated fats affect rat liver enzyme activity

Lamboni

Sébédio

Perkins

1998

Lipids

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary cyclic fatty acid monomers (CFAM), contained in heated fat from a commercial deep-fat frying operation, on rat liver enzyme activity. A partially hydrogenated soybean oil (PHSBO) used 7 d (7-DH) for frying foodstuffs, or 0.15% methylated CFAM diets was fed to male weanling rats in comparison to a control group fed a nonheated PHSBO (NH) diet in a 10-wk experiment. All diets were isocaloric with 15% fat. Animals fed either CFAM or 7-DH diets showed increased hepatic content of cytochrome (cyt.) b5 and P450 and increased activity of (E.C. 1.6.2.4) NADPH-cyt. P450 reductase in comparison to the control rats. In addition, the activities of (E.C. 2.3.1.21) carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I and (E.C. 1.1.1.42) isocitrate dehydrogenase were significantly decreased when compared to that of rats fed the NH diet. A significantly depressed activity of (E.C. 1.1.1.49) glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase was also observed for these animals compared to the control rats fed NH diet. Moreover, liver and microsomal proteins were significantly increased when CFAM or 7-DH diets were fed to animals in comparison to controls while liver glycogen was decreased significantly in experimental groups of rats. The results obtained in this study indicate that the CFAM in the diet from either synthetic sources or used fats increase the activity of liver enzyme systems that detoxify them.

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Nutritional effects of the cyclic monomers of methyl linolenate in the rat

Cited by 39 publications

References 27 publications

Liver and plasma lipid changes induced by cyclic fatty acid monomers from heated vegetable oil in the rat

Liver and plasma lipid changes induced by cyclic fatty acid monomers from heated vegetable oil in the rat

Effects of thermal oxidation on the constitution of butterfat, butterfat fractions and certain vegetable oils

Cyclic fatty acid monomers from dietary heated fats affect rat liver enzyme activity

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