Nutritional factors of importance for optimal leg health in broilers: A review

Waldenstedt, L.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.08.008

Cited by 97 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Calcium and phosphorus are the two most abundant minerals in bone and disturbances in their absorption can influence its formation and mineralisation. According to Williams et al [26], the rapid bone formation in fast growing meat-type chickens occurs in the first days after hatching (days 4 to 18) and is related to interactions between genetic, management and nutritional factors [25]. The results of bone resistance parameters in experimental chicks are presented in Table 5.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of Different Levels of Rape Seeds in the Diet on Performance, Blood and Bone Parameters of Broiler Chickens

SZYMECZKO¹,

Topoliński²,

Burlikowska³

et al. 2010

j. cent. eur. agric.

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The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different levels of rape "00" seeds in the diet on the performance, blood and bone parameters of broilers. A total of 180 1-day-old male Ross 308 chicks were divided into four groups. Group I (the control) was fed on a maize, wheat and soybean diet. Different levels of rape seeds were used in the experimental diets (low, medium and high level in II, III and IV groups, respectively) instead of a soybean meal. The amount of MJ AME N from rape seeds in total AME N was as follows: 0.19-1.51 group II, 0.28-2.26 group III and 0.38-3.01 group IV. The highest level of rape seeds resulted in a lower (P<0.05) body weight gain. The birds from group IV had the lowest feed intake and the poorest (P<0.05) value of FCR at 21 d. The highest level of rape seeds positively influenced (P<0.05) the content of HDL. There were no differences in protein metabolism indices, VLDL, Ca, Pi, bone resistance parameters among dietary treatments at 37 day of age. The results demonstrated that the influence of the increasing level of dietary rape seeds on performance, blood and bone parameters was much more evident in younger birds.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of Different Levels of Rape Seeds in the Diet on Performance, Blood and Bone Parameters of Broiler Chickens

SZYMECZKO¹,

Topoliński²,

Burlikowska³

et al. 2010

j. cent. eur. agric.

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“…The incidence of infectious diseases within flocks would not have been affected by germicidal UVC wavelengths, as the ozone layer filters out UVC wavelengths contained in sunlight (Lewis and Gous, 2009). There were also no nutritional (Waldenstedt, 2006) or slaughter weight differences (Brickett et al, 2007) between birds from different treatments, which may have otherwise accounted for differences in leg health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the provision of natural light and straw bales on activity levels and leg health in commercial broiler chickens

Bailie

Ball

O’Connell

2013

Animal

107

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The aim of this study was to assess the effect of natural light and straw bales on activity levels and leg health in commercial broiler chickens. Houses containing ,23 000 broiler chickens were assigned to one of four treatments in a 2 3 2 factorial design. Treatments involved two levels of access to natural light (NL) (present '1NL', or absent '2NL') and two levels of access to straw bales (SB) (present (30/house) '1SB', or absent '2SB'). All houses were windowed and artificially lit, and windows were shuttered where appropriate. Treatments were applied in one of the two houses on each of the two farms, and were replicated over four production cycles. Behaviour was observed in 2 to 6 weeks of the cycle. This involved observations of general behaviour and activity, gait scores (0 (perfect) to 5 (unable to walk)) and latency to lie (measured in seconds from encouraging a bird to stand). Production performance and environmental parameters were also measured. Average daytime light intensity and UV levels in the 1NL treatment were 85.2 lx and 3.37 mW/cm 2 , respectively, and in the 2NL treatment were 11.4 lx and 0 mW/cm 2 , respectively. Litter moisture levels were lower with NL treatment (P , 0.05), but were not affected by SB (P . 0.05). The percentage of time spent lying was significantly reduced by the provision of NL (P , 0.01), but not by SB (P . 0.05). There were three-way interactions between NL, SB and bird age on the percentage of time spent in locomotion (P , 0.05) and idling (P , 0.05). Both treatment factors had inconsistent effects on these parameters across different weeks. Levels of preening, resting and aggressive behaviour were not affected by treatment (P . 0.05). There was an interaction between treatments in average gait scores, with higher scores in the 2NL2SB treatment than in all other treatments, and higher in the 2NL1SB treatment than in the 1NL treatments (P , 0.001). Average latency to lie was significantly higher with NL (P , 0.001) and SB (P , 0.05). We conclude that environmental modifications have the potential to increase activity levels and improve the leg health of commercial broilers. The light environment appears to be particularly important in this respect.

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“…In poultry nutrition the interaction between calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) represents a complex relationship, which is not only broadly multifactorial but is also particularly influenced by vitamin D and phytase (Waldenstedt, 2006;Selle et al, 2009;Wilkinson et al, 2011). Ca and P are essential for biological processes and skeletal integrity (Rath et al, 2000;Selle et al, 2009;Veum, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional geometry of calcium and phosphorus nutrition in broiler chicks. Growth performance, skeletal health and intake arrays

Bradbury

Wilkinson

Cronin

et al. 2014

animal

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The interaction between calcium (Ca) and non-phytate phosphorus (nPP) in broiler nutrition and skeletal health is highly complex with many factors influencing their digestion, absorption and utilisation. The use of an investigative model such as the geometric framework allows a graphical approach to explore these complex interactions. A total of 600 Ross 308-day-old male broiler chicks were allocated to one of 15 dietary treatments with five replicates and eight birds per replicate. Dietary treatments were formulated to one of three total densities of total Ca + nPP; high (15 g/kg), medium (13.5 g/kg) and low (12 g/kg) and at each density there were five different ratios of Ca : nPP (4, 2.75, 2.1, 1.5 and 1.14 : 1). Weekly performance data was collected and at the end of the experiment birds were individually weighed and the right leg removed for tibia ash analysis. Skeletal health was assessed using the latency to lie (LTL) at day 27. At low Ca and high nPP as well as high Ca and low nPP diets, birds had reduced feed intake, BW gain, poorer feed efficiency and lower tibia ash, resulting in a significant interaction between dietary Ca and nPP (P < 0.05). LTL times were negatively influenced by diets having either a broad ratio (high Ca, low nPP) or too narrow a ratio (low Ca, high nPP) indicating that shorter LTL times may be influenced by the ratio of Ca : nPP rather than absolute concentrations of either mineral. The calculated intake arrays show that broilers more closely regulate Ca intake than nPP intake. Broilers are willing to over consume nPP to defend a Ca intake target more so than they are willing to over consume Ca to defend an nPP target. Overall dietary nPP was more influential on performance metrics, however, from the data it may appear that birds prioritise Ca intake over nPP and broadly ate to meet this requirement. As broilers are more willing to eat to a Ca intake target rather than an nPP intake target, this emphasises the importance of formulating diets to a accurately balanced density of Ca : nPP considering the biological importance of both minerals.

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Nutritional factors of importance for optimal leg health in broilers: A review

Cited by 97 publications

References 96 publications

Effects of Different Levels of Rape Seeds in the Diet on Performance, Blood and Bone Parameters of Broiler Chickens

Effects of Different Levels of Rape Seeds in the Diet on Performance, Blood and Bone Parameters of Broiler Chickens

Influence of the provision of natural light and straw bales on activity levels and leg health in commercial broiler chickens

Nutritional geometry of calcium and phosphorus nutrition in broiler chicks. Growth performance, skeletal health and intake arrays

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