Nutritional influences on human neurocognitive functioning

Smith, Michael A.; Scholey, Andrew

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00358

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, there were no significant correlations between the Nutrition Assessment Inventory, the Amsterdam Executive Function Inventory, and their subscales in this sample. This finding differs from previous research which has supported the role of nutritional intake in executive cognitive functioning (13,14,16). This lack of relationship in our sample might be explained by moderating variables such as hunger and satiety motives of food choice or environmental factors such as norms of food intake, low physical activity, and stress (1,15,33).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…However, both age and nutritional status had only mild predictive roles for the explanation of cognitive flexibility and executive cognitive functions variation in this study. Such results are congruent with earlier studies on nutrition and cognitive functions (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(13)(14)(15)(16). Also, the predictive roles of age and nutritional status on cognitive flexibility and executive cognitive functions may be explained in light of the hierarchy of needs, health belief, developmental, cognitive, and psychophysiological conceptualizations of nutrition (1,(20)(21)(22)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Therefore, a healthy diet seems essential for psychological health, particularly for optimum performance in cognitive functions (13). Smith and Scholey demonstrated that nutritional status, diet, and the ingestion of a range of nutrients impact upon neurocognitive development, executive function, and performance (14). In addition, Dauncey concluded that optimal executive functions may be influenced by highly complex interactions between numerous genetic and environmental factors, including food intake, physical activity, age, and stress (15).…”

Section: Nutrition Executive Functions and Cognitive Flexibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Self-reported nutritional status, executive functions, and cognitive flexibility in adults

Khodarahimi¹

2018

JMMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between nutrition status, executive cognitive functions, and cognitive flexibility; and to analyze the role of gender, age, and nutrition status in the prediction of executive cognitive functions and cognitive flexibility in a sample of Iranian adults. Background. This study is based on the hierarchy of needs, health beliefs, developmental, cognitive and psychophysiological conceptualizations of nutrition and their plausible influences on human cognitive functions and cognitive flexibility. Materials and Methods. The randomly selected sample consisted of 200 adult participants (M=99 and F=101) from Eghlid City, the north of Fars province, Iran. A demographic questionnaire, the Nutrition Assessment Inventory (NAI), the Amsterdam Executive Function Inventory (AEFI), and the Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFS) were used. Results. Findings showed significant positive relationships between healthy nutrition (diet-oriented nutrition and high fat foods subscales of Nutrition Assessment Inventory), the evaluation coping subscale, and the total score of Cognitive Flexibility Inventory. In addition, age and nutritional status had a significant impact with regards to predicting cognitive flexibility and executive cognitive functions. Conclusions. Given the significant positive relationship between nutrition status and cognitive flexibility, and the role of gender and nutrition status on executive cognitive functions and mental flexibility, this study may offer beneficial approaches for nutrition and cognitive health programs by clinicians and health education professionals.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Nutrition Executive Functions and Cognitive Flexibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Self-reported nutritional status, executive functions, and cognitive flexibility in adults

Khodarahimi¹

2018

JMMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Neurocognitive performance is affected by nutritional factors obtained through diet: glucose, omega-3 fatty acids, and iron. [ 10 , 11 ] Inconsistent results have been observed when investigating effects of such nutrients as vitamin D, [ 12 ] carotenoids, folate, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and curcumin. [ 1 ] High calorie diets, and also increased consumption of refined carbohydrates predict poorer cognitive outcome; on the contrary, calorie restriction and adherence to the Mediterranean diet have generated mixed and even conflicting results possibly due to differences in methodology of assessment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influential factors on cognitive performance in middle-aged cohort

Zhu¹,

Zhao²,

Chen

et al. 2018

Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aging-associated cognitive decline is closely linked to illness, dementia, increased mortality, and is a major health and social issue. The purpose of this study was to determine modifiable factors associated with cognitive performance.We analyzed data from a random sample of participants of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which is a cross-sectional survey, of the US population, aged 20 to 59 years, who underwent computer-based neurocognitive testing. There were 5 outcome measures in 3 neurocognitive tests: the mean of simple reaction time test, the mean total latency of the symbol digit substitution test (SDST), the average number of errors of the SDST, the average trials to criterion of the serial digit learning test (SDLT), and the average total score of the SDLT.Socioeconomic status, including older age, black ethnicity, lower income ratio, and lower education level, were associated with poorer neurocognitive function in all analyzed tests. In addition, participants with poor health, nonsmokers, and nondrinkers performed worse in all administered tests compared with individuals with good health, smokers, and participants consuming alcoholic beverages. Dietary and biochemical characteristics of the blood were not consistently associated with neurocognitive performance.Our results indicate that socioeconomic factors, health-related and dietary habits, biochemical parameters of the blood, and job category were associated with neurocognitive performance in visual attention, learning, and concentration in a large, nationally representative sample of healthy, ethnically diverse 20 to 59-year-olds. Future studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of cognitive aging and the factors that contribute to its individual differences.

show abstract

“…• In recent years, there has been an overwhelming increase in research on how nutritional factors influence cognition and behaviour. Neurocognitive performance is influenced by nutritional factors, ranging from the dietary level (e.g., whole diet and meal composition) to effects of macronutrients (glucose and omega-3 fatty acids) and micronutrients (vitamins, iron) (Smith and Scholey 2014). • Metabolite concentrations reflect the physiological states of tissues and cells and may influence CNS functions (Bozek et al 2014).…”

Section: Physiological Embodimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Information processing in the CNS: a supramolecular chemistry?

Tozzi¹

2015

Cogn Neurodyn

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

How does central nervous system process information? Current theories are based on two tenets: (a) information is transmitted by action potentials, the language by which neurons communicate with each other-and (b) homogeneous neuronal assemblies of cortical circuits operate on these neuronal messages where the operations are characterized by the intrinsic connectivity among neuronal populations. In this view, the size and time course of any spike is stereotypic and the information is restricted to the temporal sequence of the spikes; namely, the "neural code". However, an increasing amount of novel data point towards an alternative hypothesis: (a) the role of neural code in information processing is overemphasized. Instead of simply passing messages, action potentials play a role in dynamic coordination at multiple spatial and temporal scales, establishing network interactions across several levels of a hierarchical modular architecture, modulating and regulating the propagation of neuronal messages. (b) Information is processed at all levels of neuronal infrastructure from macromolecules to population dynamics. For example, intra-neuronal (changes in protein conformation, concentration and synthesis) and extra-neuronal factors (extracellular proteolysis, substrate patterning, myelin plasticity, microbes, metabolic status) can have a profound effect on neuronal computations. This means molecular message passing may have cognitive connotations. This essay introduces the concept of "supramolecular chemistry", involving the storage of information at the molecular level and its retrieval, transfer and processing at the supramolecular level, through transitory non-covalent molecular processes that are self-organized, self-assembled and dynamic. Finally, we note that the cortex comprises extremely heterogeneous cells, with distinct regional variations, macromolecular assembly, receptor repertoire and intrinsic microcircuitry. This suggests that every neuron (or group of neurons) embodies different molecular information that hands an operational effect on neuronal computation.

show abstract

Nutritional influences on human neurocognitive functioning

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Self-reported nutritional status, executive functions, and cognitive flexibility in adults

Self-reported nutritional status, executive functions, and cognitive flexibility in adults

Influential factors on cognitive performance in middle-aged cohort

Information processing in the CNS: a supramolecular chemistry?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About